Czech version of OPQOL-35 questionnaire: the evaluation of the psychometric properties

Abstract

BackgroundBoth prognoses and real demographic trends in developed countries point to the increasing proportion in the population of people above 65 years of age. One of important themes of care for seniors is the assessment of their quality of life. To evaluate the quality of life of seniors three types of tools can be used: general generic tools; generic tools used for the age group of elderly persons; specific tools to detect the quality of life of the elderly who are affected by specific diseases.MethodsThe second type of tool is represented by the OPQOL - 35 questionnaire (Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire), which was developed in the UK. It has 35 items and deals with 8 domains of quality of life. With the consent of the author the questionnaire was translated into Czech and verified in a group of 478 seniors aged 60 and above (40 % males, 60 % females). Unlike the British version, the Czech version has seven factors: 1 Role of belief, religion and culture; 2 Health; independence, active life; 3 Financial situation; 4 Family and safe environment; 5 Loneliness; 6 Satisfaction with life; 7 Positive approach to life.ResultsThe Czech version has a very good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha ranges from .726 to .905). It also has satisfactory validity. The results show that with increasing age and number of health problems the satisfaction of the elderly is declining in all seven domains. Conversely, the degree of autonomy in the way of living is positively associated with the satisfaction of seniors. Old people who live alone at home, are self-sufficient and do not need the help of others, are more satisfied with their quality of life than other seniors (i.e..those who are living with their children, in sheltered accommodation or in homes for the elderly). Single, married seniors and seniors with a partner are happier than the widowed ones.ConclusionsThe questionnaire gives good guidance for assessing the current state of the quality of life of seniors, changes in quality over time and for targeted interventions as well.

Persian version of the brief Older People’s Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQOL-brief): the evaluation of the psychometric properties

“…It has been shown that QoL is a strong predictor of adverse health outcome, such as death in older people, and its evaluation is an important point for policymakers [3,7,13]. QoL in old age covers a variety of dimensions including: health condition and functional ability, sense of being useful for other people, social relationships, social support, financial situation, and the quality of housing [14,15]. To properly evaluate older people's quality of life, it is necessary to consider all various physical, mental, and social aspects of QoL using an appropriate scale [1,16].…”

Community‐living older people’s interpretation of the Norwegian version of older people’s quality of life (OPQOL) questionnaire

“…It was the same for the term "things I would enjoy" in statement 29 ("I cannot afford to do things I would enjoy"). Mares et al (2016) amended this term to "things I would like to have" in the Czech version, and these statement was not included at all in the Iranian version (Nikkhah et al, 2018). To make these two terms…”

“…In the Czech version, Mares et al (2016) reversed the five-grade scale and adopted the Czech school grading system, which is more familiar to older people living there. Similarly, the Chinese version interpreted "leisure and social activities" as two separate dimensions, while the original English version includes them in the same dimension (Chen et al, 2014).…”

Instrumentos para la evaluación de la calidad de vida de adultos mayores. Un estudio de revisión bibliográfica

“…Del mismo modo, en el año 2008 Ann Bowling e investigadores de la universidad de Gran Bretaña desarrollaron el cuestionario denominado: "Calidad de Vida de las Personas Mayores" (OPQOL-35) en su idioma original, en el cual se empleó una muestra de 987 adultos mayores ingleses de más de 65 años, para sustentar su hipótesis que describe a la calidad de vida como un constructo multifactorial (Bowling & Rai, 2009;Mares, Cigler & Vachkova, 2016), posteriormente se publica su versión corta OPQOL-Bref en el 2013 que consta de 13 ítems considerados los más importantes por los encuestados, descartando 22 ítems del cuestionario original, demostrando ser una herramienta útil cuando se requiere una evaluación corta e implacable (Bowling et al, 2013), de igual manera se han realizado investigaciones para validar las versiones traducidas del cuestionario; es el caso de una muestra de 478 participantes, quienes reflejaron niveles altos de satisfacción en su calidad de vida, en siete dominios principales, quienes mantienen autonomía en sus actividades diarias y viven solo o con pareja, a diferencia de aquellos que se encuentran bajo el cuidado de residencias, tutores, familiares; la validez y confiablidad en esta investigación osciló entre 0.72 y 0.90 para su versión en checo (Mares, Cigler & Vachkova, 2016), referente a su versión reducida que consta de 7 dimensiones, se realizó la validación en 168 participantes para su versión en turco, donde se encontró que el cuestionario es rentable y cuenta con una buena consistencia interna para el resultado de sus subescalas (Caliskan et al, 2019), 521 personas adultas mayores que viven solas participaron en un estudio que utilizó la versión adaptada al idioma chino, presentando resultados confiables en las 8 dimensiones y ubicándolo como instrumento idóneo para evaluar la calidad de vida en adultos mayores que viven solos (Chen & While, 2019), en otro contexto sociocultural participaron 764 adultos mayores quienes respondieron el cuestionario en su versión e idioma original, reflejando que la calidad de vida está estrechamente relacionado a una buena salud física y emocional, independencia, toma de decisiones y control sobre su vida (Siriwardhana et al, 2019), en su versión persa los resultados de 500 y 525 participantes demostraron su utilidad para evaluar la calidad de vida en edades avanzadas para población de habla persa (Nikkhah et al, 2018;Feizi & Heidari, 2020).…”