Data-driven State Awareness for Fly-by-feel Aerial Vehicles: Experimental Assessment of a Non-parametric Probabilistic Stall Detection Approach

Kopsaftopoulos, Fotis; Nardari, Raphael; Li, Yu-Hung; Chang, Fu‐Kuo

doi:10.12783/shm2017/14036

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The key lies in the accurate parameter measurement of its own structures and external environment, as well as stable monitoring of the dynamic deformation process of the fuselage and wings. Smart sensing skin based on flexible electronics that can conform to fuselage and wings and realize the real-time, insitu large-area measurement of surface multi-physical fields represents an ideal solution for essential data collection of the aerodynamic layout for "Fly-by-Feel" autonomous driving [19]. Therefore, smart skin is expected to become a revolutionary new technology in future aircraft design.…”

Section: Flexible Smart Sensing Skin Of Morphing Aircraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible smart sensing skin for “Fly-by-Feel” morphing aircraft

Huang

Zhu

Xiong

et al. 2021

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Flexible smart sensing skin is a key enabling technology for the future "Fly-by-Feel" control of morphing aircraft. It represents the next-generation skin of aircraft that can exhibit a more powerful sensing function than a conventional one and could be mounted on arbitrary curvilinear surfaces, especially for advanced autonomic, morphing aircraft. Recent significant technical advances in flexible electronics have overcome many historic drawbacks of conventional smart skin, e.g., only a limited number of discrete block sensors can be integrated due to the inevitable structural damage and heavy guidelines. Herein, we review the key developments in flexible sensors technology and highlight both the state-of-the-art devices and the potential applications for the measurement of aircraft. We begin with the importance of flexible smart skin for morphing aircraft and then expand to the latest progress in various types of flexible sensors. Then we highlight flexible sensors as smart skin to measure aerodynamic parameters and monitor the structural health, and further to achieve the Fly-by-Feel control. Finally, the challenges and opportunities on flexible smart sensing skin are discussed, from the functional design to practical applications.

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Section: Flexible Smart Sensing Skin Of Morphing Aircraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible smart sensing skin for “Fly-by-Feel” morphing aircraft

Huang

Zhu

Xiong

et al. 2021

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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“…The SSN used at the Structures and Composites Lab (pictured in Figure 1 ) provides a compelling platform for distributed sensing and has been applied in multiple contexts to provide distributed sensing on developable surfaces such as airfoils and satellite panels [ 29 ]. The integration of this SSN into a non-developable object poses major obstacles, which we examine in the following paragraphs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Manufacture of Multifunctional 3-D Smart Skins with Embedded Sensor Networks for Robotic Applications

Ransom,

Chen,

Mangram

et al. 2024

Sensors

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An investigation was performed to develop a process to design and manufacture a 3-D smart skin with an embedded network of distributed sensors for non-developable (or doubly curved) surfaces. A smart skin is the sensing component of a smart structure, allowing such structures to gather data from their surrounding environments to make control and maintenance decisions. Such smart skins are desired across a wide variety of domains, particularly for those devices where their surfaces require high sensitivity to external loads or environmental changes such as human-assisting robots, medical devices, wearable health components, etc. However, the fabrication and deployment of a network of distributed sensors on non-developable surfaces faces steep challenges. These challenges include the conformal coverage of a target object without causing prohibitive stresses in the sensor interconnects and ensuring positional accuracy in the skin sensor deployment positions, as well as packaging challenges resulting from the thin, flexible form factor of the skin. In this study, novel and streamlined processes for making such 3-D smart skins were developed from the initial sensor network design to the final integrated skin assembly. Specifically, the process involved the design of the network itself (for which a physical simulation-based optimization was developed), the deployment of the network to a targeted 3D surface (for which a specialized tool was designed and implemented), and the assembly of the final skin (for which a novel process based on dip coating was developed and implemented.)

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“…[1][2][3][4] It refers to the fabrication and integration of a flexible sensor network onto the aircraft, 5 which can be conformally attached to its complex surface to monitor, analyze and process multiple physical parameters of the aircraft, so as to realize the flight attitude adjustment and flight control. [6][7][8][9] The parameter monitoring of the aircraft mainly includes the external aerodynamic characteristics (pressure, temperature, speed, etc.) [10][11][12][13] and its structural health states (impact, crack, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible, monolithic piezoelectric sensors for large-area structural impact monitoring via MUSIC-assisted machine learning

Zhu

Hou

et al. 2023

Structural Health Monitoring

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Aircraft smart skin requires the integration of large-scale, ultrathin, and high-sensitive sensor network on the surface for structural health monitoring (SHM). However, it is fairly difficult to fabricate such large-area flexible sensor networks with low cost and high reliability. Although flexible and monolithic sensors are easy to be fabricated, their applications in large-area impact monitoring have yet to be developed and revealed. In this study, an impact monitoring and localization technology based on monolithic small-area sensors is proposed for large-area structures. The pivotal principle lies in the combination of the flexible piezoelectric sensor array and the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC)-assisted Artificial Intelligence Network (ANN) algorithm, where the key sorted feature matrix from the output signals to ANN can be captured by the MUSIC algorithm to achieve the spatial location estimation. The results show that the flexible piezoelectric sensors demonstrate excellent performance to monitor structural impacts in a region of more than 7500% of its area. Secondly, excellent conformation between the sensors and complex surfaces is achieved by the ultrathin thickness almost without affecting the surficial flow field. The overall recognition accuracy and robustness of impact location of machine learning is greatly increased by the integration of MUSIC algorithm, which is immune to the shape, material, thickness, or opening holes of the structure. Except for the impact location, impact energy, impact frequency, impact hardness and other structural health parameters can also be monitored. Therefore, a great prospect in the integrated monitoring of the aircraft’s structural and environmental parameters is expected.

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Data-driven State Awareness for Fly-by-feel Aerial Vehicles: Experimental Assessment of a Non-parametric Probabilistic Stall Detection Approach

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Flexible smart sensing skin for “Fly-by-Feel” morphing aircraft

Flexible smart sensing skin for “Fly-by-Feel” morphing aircraft

Design and Manufacture of Multifunctional 3-D Smart Skins with Embedded Sensor Networks for Robotic Applications

Flexible, monolithic piezoelectric sensors for large-area structural impact monitoring via MUSIC-assisted machine learning

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