Decision-making and the frontal lobes

Volz, Kirsten G.; Schubotz, Ricarda Ines; Cramon, D. Yves von

doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000236621.83872.71

Cited by 73 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In the current study, we were not able to address this issue because our filler sentences (that did not contain pronouns) were not properly matched to the critical sentences, but initial results on reflexive binding (Santi and Grodzinsky, in press) suggest this possibility. Goel and Dolan, 2003;Petersson et al, 2003;Zysset et al, 2002Zysset et al, , 2003 and decision-making (e.g., Volz et al, 2006b). Thus, consistent with what our subjects had indicated in the postexperiment debriefing, the present medial prefrontal activations may reflect that subjects made an evaluation or choice between the two referential candidates (i.e., an anaphoric inference, Greene et al, 1992) in order to establish a referentially coherent interpretation.…”

Section: Referential Ambiguity and Medial Prefrontal Regionssupporting

confidence: 86%

On sense and reference: Examining the functional neuroanatomy of referential processing

2007

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In an event-related fMRI study, we examined the cortical networks involved in establishing reference during language comprehension. We compared BOLD responses to sentences containing referentially ambiguous pronouns (e.g., "Ronald told Frank that he…"), referentially failing pronouns (e.g., "Rose told Emily that he…") or coherent pronouns. Referential ambiguity selectively recruited medial prefrontal regions, suggesting that readers engaged in problemsolving to select a unique referent from the discourse model. Referential failure elicited activation increases in brain regions associated with morpho-syntactic processing, and, for those readers who took failing pronouns to refer to unmentioned entities, additional regions associated with elaborative inferencing were observed. The networks activated by these two referential problems did not overlap with the network activated by a standard semantic anomaly. Instead, we observed a double dissociation, in that the systems activated by semantic anomaly are deactivated by referential ambiguity, and vice versa. This inverse coupling may reflect the dynamic recruitment of semantic and episodic processing to resolve semantically or referentially problematic situations. More generally, our findings suggest that neurocognitive accounts of language comprehension need to address not just how we parse a sentence and combine individual word meanings, but also how we determine who's who and what's what during language comprehension.

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Section: Referential Ambiguity and Medial Prefrontal Regionssupporting

confidence: 86%

On sense and reference: Examining the functional neuroanatomy of referential processing

2007

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“…Furthermore, the dmPFC and vmPFC differentially project to the nucleus accumbens, with the dmPFC projecting selectively to the NAcore and the vmPFC to the NAshell (Beckstead, 1979;Newman and Winans, 1980;Groenewegen et al, 1982;Berendse et al, 1992;Voorn et al, 2004). Studies of these differential projections, including in vivo neuroimaging, have led some researchers to suggest functional dissociations in the medial PFC in regards to stress responsivity (Sullivan, 2004), decision making (Volz et al, 2006), and regulation of affect (Urry et al, 2006), factors that influence the propensity of relapse to drugseeking behavior (Bossert et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neural circuitry underlying reinstatement of heroin-seeking behavior in an animal model of relapse

2008

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Reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking has been utilized in the study of the neural substrates of relapse to drugs of abuse, particularly cocaine. However, limited studies have examined the circuitry that drives the reinstatement of heroin-seeking behavior in the presence of conditioned cues, or by heroin itself. In order to test the hypothesis that the circuitry underlying reinstatement in heroinexperienced animals would show overlapping, yet distinct differences from cocaine-experienced animals, we used transient inhibition of several cortical, striatal, and limbic brain regions during reinstatement of heroin-seeking produced by heroin-paired cues, or by a single priming dose of heroin. Rats lever pressed for i.v. heroin discretely paired with a conditioned stimulus (CS) during daily 3-hr sessions for a period of 2 weeks, followed by daily extinction of lever responding. Subsequent reinstatement of heroin-seeking was measured as lever responding in the absence of heroin reinforcement. The first set of reinstatement tests involved response-contingent CS presentations following bilateral intracranial infusion of either a combination of GABA receptor agonists (baclofen-muscimol, B/M) or vehicle (saline) into one of thirteen different brain regions. The second set of reinstatement tests involved a single heroin injection (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) following either B/M or vehicle infusions. Our results showed that vehicle infused animals reinstated to both CS presentations and a priming injection of heroin, while B/M inactivation of several areas known to be important for the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking also attenuated heroin-seeking in response to CS presentations and/or a priming dose of heroin. However, as predicted, inactivation of areas previously shown to not affect cocaine-seeking significantly attenuated heroin-seeking, supporting the hypothesis that the circuitry underlying the reinstatement of heroin-seeking is more diffusely distributed than that for cocaine.

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“…Frontal regions are important integrative areas that support functions such as working memory, judgment (Opris and Bruce 2005;Volz et al 2006) or planning (Brancucci 2012;Sun and Buys 2012). These integrative functions are thought to depend on the frontal network configuration and its ability to allow locally specialized processing of information as well as synchronization between distant regions (Sporns et al 2005;Brancucci 2012).…”

Section: Discriminating Patients With 22q11ds From Healthy Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Psychosis Using Resting-State Connectivity Patterns

et al. 2014

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The clinical picture associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) includes mild mental retardation and an increased risk of schizophrenia. While the clinical phenotype has been related to structural brain network alterations, there is only scarce information about functional connectivity in 22q11DS. However, such studies could lead to a better comprehension of the disease and reveal potential biomarkers for psychosis. A connectivity decoding approach was used to discriminate between 42 patients with 22q11DS and 41 controls using resting-state connectivity. The same method was then applied within the 22q11DS group to identify brain connectivity patterns specifically related to the presence of psychotic symptoms. An accuracy of 84 % was achieved in differentiating patients with 22q11DS from controls. The discriminative connections were widespread, but predominantly located in the bilateral frontal and right temporal lobes, and were significantly correlated to IQ. An 88 % accuracy was obtained for identification of existing psychotic symptoms within the patients group. The regions containing most discriminative connections included the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the left superior temporal and the right inferior frontal gyri. Functional connectivity alterations in 22q11DS affect mostly frontal and right temporal lobes and are related to the syndrome's mild mental retardation. These results also provide evidence that resting-state connectivity can potentially become a biomarker for psychosis and that ACC plays an important role in the development of psychotic symptoms.

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Decision-making and the frontal lobes

Cited by 73 publications

References 62 publications

On sense and reference: Examining the functional neuroanatomy of referential processing

On sense and reference: Examining the functional neuroanatomy of referential processing

The neural circuitry underlying reinstatement of heroin-seeking behavior in an animal model of relapse

Identifying 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Psychosis Using Resting-State Connectivity Patterns

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