Decoupling atmospheric and oceanic factors affecting aerosol loading over a cluster of mesoscale North Atlantic eddies

Lehahn, Yoav; Koren, Ilan; Rudich, Yinon; Bidle, Kay D.; Trainic, Miri; Flores, J. Michel; Sharoni, Shlomit; Vardi, Assaf

doi:10.1002/2014gl059738

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Production of SSA in the field is driven by wind speed, and SSAs in the size range 0.4-1 µm in particular were observed to be higher at high wind speed (Lehahn et al, 2014). Therefore, our finding supported the results of Aller et al (2017) and Lehahn et al (2014) and suggest that the enhanced contribution of submicron gel particles at higher wind > 6 m s −1 after the addition of E. huxleyi, potentially impact the emission of gels with SSA.…”

Section: Implication Of Gel Particles In the Smlsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of wind speed on the size distribution of gel particles in the sea surface microlayer: insights from a wind–wave channel experiment

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Gel particles, such as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie stainable particles (CSP), are important organic components in the sea surface microlayer (SML). Here, we present results on the effect of different wind speeds on the accumulation and size distribution of TEP and CSP during a wind wave channel experiment in the Aeolotron. Total areas of TEP (TEP SML ) and CSP (CSP SML ) in the surface microlayer were exponentially related to wind speed. At wind speeds < 6 m s −1 , accumulation of TEP SML and CSP SML occurred, decreasing at wind speeds of > 8 m s −1 . Wind speeds > 8 m s −1 also significantly altered the size distribution of TEP SML in the 2-16 µm size range towards smaller sizes. The response of the CSP SML size distribution to wind speed varied through time depending on the biogenic source of gels. Wind speeds > 8 m s −1 decreased the slope of CSP SML size distribution significantly in the absence of autotrophic growth. For the slopes of TEP and CSP size distribution in the bulk water, no significant difference was observed between high and low wind speeds. Changes in spectral slopes between high and low wind speed were higher for TEP SML than for CSP SML , indicating that the impact of wind speed on size distribution of gel particles in the SML may be more pronounced for TEP than for CSP, and that CSP SML are less prone to aggregation during the low wind speeds. Addition of an E. huxleyi culture resulted in a higher contribution of submicron gels (0.4-1 µm) in the SML at higher wind speed (> 6 m s −1 ), indicating that phytoplankton growth may potentially support the emission of submicron gels with sea spray aerosol.

show abstract

Section: Implication Of Gel Particles In the Smlsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of wind speed on the size distribution of gel particles in the sea surface microlayer: insights from a wind–wave channel experiment

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specifically, our results suggest that the wintertime increase in phytoplankton biomass in the highly oligotrophic water of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre suppresses SSA production, resulting in relatively low levels of AOD c . Anticorrelation between biological activity and SSA abundance was recently observed (Lehahn et al, 2014), based on in situ measurements in the North Atlantic. This hypothesis of enhanced biological activity resulting in reduced SSA production agrees with previous laboratory experiments that proposed an effect of high surfactant amounts in the surface microlayer (which are associated with high biological activity conditions) on the primary production of marine aerosols (Fuentes et al, 2010b;Modini et al, 2013;Sellegri et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Temporal‐Scale Analysis of Environmental Controls on Sea Spray Aerosol Production Over the South Pacific Gyre

Dror

Lehahn

Altaratz

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An understanding of sea spray aerosol (SSA) production is needed to better assess its influence on climate. Using satellite data, we investigated the production of the coarse mode of aerosol optical depth (AODc), a proxy for SSA, over the pristine South Pacific Gyre. The analysis was done on three time scales: daily, seasonal, and interannual. Scale‐dependent links were shown between the AODc and wind speed (W). AODc and W were positively correlated on both daily and interannual time scales but were significantly anticorrelated on the seasonal time scale. Seasonality of the AODc − W link suggests contribution of other environmental factors. The main variable that could statistically explain trends in AODc on the seasonal time scale was chlorophyll a concentration, which showed a clear negative correlation with AODc. The AODc yield per W unit was clearly reduced when chlorophyll a concentration was high, suggesting a secondary, but important influence of marine biological activity on SSA production.

show abstract

“…This physical property ( Supplementary Fig. S1a-d), combined with the clockwise rotation of the eddy [46] suggested the occurrence of an anticyclonic mode-water eddy. This physical condition was previously shown to provide a flux of nutrients that are essential for the stimulation of algal blooms [47,48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Expression profiling of host and virus during a coccolithophore bloom provides insights into the role of viral infection in promoting carbon export

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cosmopolitan coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi is a unicellular eukaryotic alga that forms vast blooms in the oceans impacting large biogeochemical cycles. These blooms are often terminated due to infection by the large dsDNA virus, E. huxleyi virus (EhV). It was recently established that EhV-induced modulation of E. huxleyi metabolism is a key factor for optimal viral infection cycle. Despite the huge ecological importance of this host-virus interaction, the ability to assess its spatial and temporal dynamics and its possible impact on nutrient fluxes is limited by current approaches that focus on quantification of viral abundance and biodiversity. Here, we applied a host and virus gene expression analysis as a sensitive tool to quantify the dynamics of this interaction during a natural E. huxleyi bloom in the North Atlantic. We used viral gene expression profiling as an index for the level of active infection and showed that the latter correlated with water column depth. Intriguingly, this suggests a possible sinking mechanism for removing infected cells as aggregates from the E. huxleyi population in the surface layer into deeper waters. Viral infection was also highly correlated with induction of host metabolic genes involved in host life cycle, sphingolipid, and antioxidant metabolism, providing evidence for modulation of host metabolism under natural conditions. The ability to track and quantify defined phases of infection by monitoring co-expression of viral and host genes, coupled with advance omics approaches, will enable a deeper understanding of the impact that viruses have on the environment.

show abstract

Decoupling atmospheric and oceanic factors affecting aerosol loading over a cluster of mesoscale North Atlantic eddies

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of wind speed on the size distribution of gel particles in the sea surface microlayer: insights from a wind–wave channel experiment

Effect of wind speed on the size distribution of gel particles in the sea surface microlayer: insights from a wind–wave channel experiment

Temporal‐Scale Analysis of Environmental Controls on Sea Spray Aerosol Production Over the South Pacific Gyre

Expression profiling of host and virus during a coccolithophore bloom provides insights into the role of viral infection in promoting carbon export

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About