Decreased Serum Total Cholesterol Concentration Is Associated with High Intake of Soy Products in Japanese Men and Women ,

Nagata, Chisato; Takatsuka, Naoyoshi; Kurisu, Yoko; Shimizu, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1093/jn/128.2.209

Cited by 204 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…An inverse relationship is seen between serum cholesterol and soya intake in Japan (Nagata et al, 1988). Consumption of flavonoids is also inversely correlated with coronary heart disease in most, but not all, studies (Hollman & Katan, 1999).…”

Section: Soya Intake and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary supplements of soya flour lower serum testosterone concentrations and improve markers of oxidative stress in men

et al. 2003

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Objective: We examined the effects on serum sex steroids, lipids and markers of oxidative stress of supplementing the diets of healthy male volunteers with scones made with soya flour. Design: A randomized placebo controlled cross-over trial. Setting: University Hospital of Wales. Subjects: Twenty volunteers recruited by advertisement. Interventions: Male volunteers ate three scones a day in addition to their normal diet for a period of 6 weeks. The scones were made with either wheat or soya flour (containing 120 mg=day of isoflavones). Blood was analysed for sex steroids (testosterone, dihydro-testosterone, oestradiol, oestrone, sex hormone binding globulin, albumin and the concentration of non-protein bound sex steroids were calculated), lipid profile (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides) and measures of oxidative stress (hydroperoxides, susceptibility of LDL to oxidation with copper and myeloperoxidase). Results: The volunteers' mean age was 35.6 (s.d. 11.2) y. Total serum testosterone fell in volunteers taking the soya scones (19.3 -18.2 nmol=l; 95% CI 1.01, 1.12; P ¼ 0.03). No significant changes were seen in the concentrations of the other serum sex steroids, albumin or sex hormone binding globulin throughout the study. Significant improvements in two of the three markers of oxidative stress were seen in volunteers taking soya scones. Lag time for myeloperoxidase rose from 55.0 to 68.0 min (95% CI 7 16.0, 7 3.5; P ¼ 0.009) and the presence of hydroperoxides decreased from 2.69 to 2.34 mmol=l (95% CI 0.12, 0.71; P ¼ 0.009). There were no changes seen in serum triglycerides or cholesterol. Conclusions: We have shown that soya supplements reduce serum testosterone and improve markers of oxidative stress. These findings provide a putative mechanism by which soya supplements could protect against prostatic disease and atherosclerosis. Further dietary studies with clinical end points are warranted.

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Section: Soya Intake and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary supplements of soya flour lower serum testosterone concentrations and improve markers of oxidative stress in men

et al. 2003

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“…If true, differences in genetic factors would be unlikely to explain the differences in mortality because studies of Japanese male migrants to the US clearly illustrate an increase in the morbidity and mortality from CHD. [30][31][32] There may be several reasons for the much lower CHD mortality among the men in Japan: (1) higher levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol; [33][34][35] (2) higher consumption of soy products; 36 (3) higher polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio; 37 (4) higher alcohol consumption; 38 (5) higher fish consumption; 39,40 (6) a time lag between the increase in levels of cholesterol and the increase in mortality from CHD; 41 and others. [42][43][44] The identification of these factors would be extremely valuable for the prevention of CHD, so there is a clear need for monitoring trends in morbidity and mortality from CHD and atherosclerosis, as well as the trends in risk factors among men in the post WWII birth cohort.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 The Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan added the instruction for death certificate coding 'Do not put heart failure as a cause of death when it is a manifestation of the terminal state of disease' when the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) was introduced in 1995. As a result, from 1990-1992 to 1995-1997 the mortality among men aged [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] years from heart failure decreased by 68% and that from CHD rose by 65%. 18 We recently reported a 3-fold difference in the CHD mortality among white men aged 35-44 years by state in the US.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Among Men Aged 35-44 Years by Prefecture in Japan in 1995-1999 Compared With That Among White Men Aged 35-44 by State in the United States in 1995-1998. Vital Statistics Data in Recent Birth Cohorts.

et al. 2001

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ince World War II (WWII), there have been important changes in lifestyle that have had a major impact on the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), such as the decline in total cholesterol levels, improved treatment of hypertension, and the decline in the prevalence of cigarette smoking, in the United States of America (US) and many other Western countries. [1][2][3] At the same time, many non-Western countries, including Japan, have been exposed to the Western lifestyle 4 and data from national sample surveys in the US and Japan clearly demonstrate that the differences in the levels of cholesterol and blood pressure between the 2 countries have became much smaller during the past decades. [5][6][7][8][9][10] In fact, among men in the post WWII birth cohort, the risk factor profiles for CHD (levels of total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) are very similar between white men in the US and men in Japan, except for the considerably higher prevalence of cigarette smoking in Japan and the much higher prevalence of obesity in the US. 11 men aged 30-39 years in Japan in 1989 it was 201 mg/dl. 6 The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures among white men in the US aged 30-39 years in 1988-1991 were 119 mmHg and 77 mmHg, 8 respectively, and for similar aged Japanese men in 1989 they were 127 mmHg and 77 mmHg, 6 respectively. The prevalence of cigarette smoking among white men in the US aged 25-34 and 35-44 years in 1990 was 32% and 34%, respectively, 5 whereas it was 65% 10 among Japanese men aged 30-39 years in 1989. In 1989, about 15% of men aged 20-29, and 20% of men aged 30-39 years in Japan were overweight (body mass index ≥25.0), 9 whereas in the US in 1988-1994, the proportions were 47.5% of men aged 20-34 and 66.5% of men aged 35-44 years. 5 Nationwide autopsy studies in Japan indicate that extent and severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries of young men became more extensive in the 1990s, 12,13 and the surface involvement of fatty streaks and fibrous plaques was comparable with that among young white men in the US. 14 There are limitations in comparing the results because almost all the cases examined in Japan died of non-external causes whereas the study in the US examined cases of death from external causes, and the data were not drawn from nationally representative samples. It is notable, however, that the surface involvement (fatty streaks plus fibrous plaques) among men in their 20s in Japan in 1991-1995 is more extensive than among comparable white men in the US in 1987-1994. 13,14 Comparing the CHD mortality rate among men in the post WWII birth cohort (ie, those aged 35-44 years) may better reflect recent changes in risk factors than comparing the age-adjusted rate or rate among men in an older age The levels of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in men in the post World War II (WWII) birth cohort are almost similar between Japan and the USA, except for the considerably higher prevalence of cigarette smoking in Japan and the much higher prevalence of obes...

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“…Triglycerides decreased by 10.5% and HDL increased by 2.4% but these changes were not statistically significant [4]. In addition to the putative effects on lipids, some recent studies [5][6][7] have shown a favourable effect of soy on fasting glucose and insulin levels, while others did not find this relation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary phytoestrogens and plasma lipids in Dutch postmenopausal women; a cross-sectional study

et al. 2005

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Objective: Isoflavone supplementation in high doses is associated with plasma lipid, glucose and insulin levels. Little is known about the effects of intake within the range of western diets on these endpoints. Design: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in 301 women aged 60-75 years. Methods: Dietary isoflavone and lignan intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire covering habitual diet during the year preceding enrolment. The outcome measures were total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, Lp(a), fasting glucose and insulin levels. Data were analysed using linear regression and logistic regression models. In the analyses we adjusted for a wide range of potential confounders. Results: High intake of isoflavones was associated with lower Lp(a) levels (tertile three versus tertile one: odds ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.16; 0.80). No relation was found between blood levels and the other plasma lipids, glucose or insulin was found. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that an effect of dietary phytoestrogen intake at low levels on plasma lipid levels is of limited magnitude. It is premature to advise postmenopausal women with low phytoestrogen intake to change their diet towards a phytoestrogen rich diet with the sole aim to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Decreased Serum Total Cholesterol Concentration Is Associated with High Intake of Soy Products in Japanese Men and Women ,

Cited by 204 publications

References 14 publications

Dietary supplements of soya flour lower serum testosterone concentrations and improve markers of oxidative stress in men

Dietary supplements of soya flour lower serum testosterone concentrations and improve markers of oxidative stress in men

Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Among Men Aged 35-44 Years by Prefecture in Japan in 1995-1999 Compared With That Among White Men Aged 35-44 by State in the United States in 1995-1998. Vital Statistics Data in Recent Birth Cohorts.

Dietary phytoestrogens and plasma lipids in Dutch postmenopausal women; a cross-sectional study

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