Deductive and Inductive Reasoning in Parkinson's Disease Patients and Normal Controls: Review and Experimental Evidence

Natsopoulos, Dimitris; Katsarou, Zoe; Alevriadou, Anastasia; Grouios, George; Bostantzopoulou, Sevasti; Mentenopoulos, G.

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70230-2

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Interestingly, lateralisation appears to ''preserve'' the inductive reasoning in PD patients (Natsopoulos et al 1997). The mechanism underlying this is not clear.…”

Section: Relationship Between Side Of Onset and Brain Cognitive Functmentioning

confidence: 93%

The significance of neuronal lateralisation in Parkinson’s disease

Riederer

Sian-Hülsmann

2012

J Neural Transm

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The destruction of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and consequent depletion of striatal dopamine elicits the main movement deficits related to Parkinson's disease (PD). In the early stages of the illness, the motor symptoms are often exhibited asymmetrically. Thus, the onset of PD features starts on either the right or left side. The side of onset appears to determine the prognosis of the disorder and other features, such as right-side tremor dominance has a better prognosis in contrast to left-side dominant bradykinesia-rigidity. In addition, left-side onset of motor features is associated with cognitive decline. Therefore, an intricate relation appears to exist between the side of disease onset and progression/severity and other non-motor symptoms. Unilateral PD in turn corresponds to neuronal nigrostriatal degeneration in the contralateral hemisphere. Indeed positron emission tomography has demonstrated a positive correlation between symptom asymmetry and brain function (Hoorn et al. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 17:58-60, 2011), which corresponds to a unilateral pattern of degeneration. This phenomenon appears to be exclusive to PD. Additionally, the variation in motor symptom(s) dominance exhibited in the disorder conforms to the notion that PD is a spectrum disease with many sub-groups. Thus, clinical and post mortem studies on "lateralisation" may serve as a vital tool in understanding the mechanism(s) eliciting the characteristic destruction of the SN neurons. Additionally, it may be employed as a predictive indicator for the symptomology and prognosis of the illness thus allowing selective treatment strategies targeted at the pronounced hemispheric degeneration.

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“…Interestingly, lateralisation appears to ''preserve'' the inductive reasoning in PD patients (Natsopoulos et al 1997). The mechanism underlying this is not clear.…”

Section: Relationship Between Side Of Onset and Brain Cognitive Functmentioning

confidence: 93%

The significance of neuronal lateralisation in Parkinson’s disease

Riederer

Sian-Hülsmann

2012

J Neural Transm

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“…Common situations that require sensitivity to pragmatic features of language include the processing of metaphorical expressions, paralinguistic behaviors, and discourse (Natsopoulos et al. 1991a,b, 1993, 1997; Berg et al. 2003; McNamara and Durso 2003; Monetta and Pell 2007).…”

Section: How Parkinson's Disease Affects Language Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Parkinson's Disease Affects Non‐verbal Communication and Language Processing

Pell

Monetta

2008

Language and Linguist. Compass

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In addition to difficulties that affect movement, many adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience changes that negatively impact on receptive aspects of their communication. For example, some PD patients have difficulties processing non-verbal expressions (facial expressions, voice tone) and many are less sensitive to 'non-literal' or pragmatic meanings of language, at least under certain conditions. This chapter outlines how PD can affect the comprehension of language and non-verbal expressions and considers how these changes are related to concurrent alterations in cognition (e.g., executive functions, working memory) and motor signs associated with the disease. Our summary underscores that the progressive course of PD can interrupt a number of functional systems that support cognition and receptive language, and in different ways, leading to both primary and secondary impairments of the systems that support linguistic and non-verbal communication.

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“…Many PD patients fail to perform normally when language processing is ''complex'' or depends on high resource capacity, such as when the patients are required to interpret the intended or pragmatically appropriate meaning of metaphorical language, paralinguistic behaviors, or discourse as defined by its social context (see Berg, Bjornram, Hartelius, Laakso, & Johnels, 2003;McNamara & Durso, 2003;Natsopoulos et al, 1993Natsopoulos et al, , 1997. In one study, Natsopoulos et al (1997) presented five tasks of deductive reasoning (e.g., syllogisms) and three tasks of inductive reasoning (e.g., metaphors) to individuals with PD and healthy control (HC) participants. They found that verbal reasoning abilities were significantly impaired in the PD relative to the control group, especially in PD patients with more advanced (i.e., bilateral) motor signs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%