Deep Learning in Design of Semi-Automated 3D Printed Chainmail with Pre-Programmed Directional Functions for Hand Exoskeleton

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to refine a scientific solution to the problem of automated or semi-automated efficient and practical design of 3D printed chainmails of exoskeletons with pre-programmed properties (variable stiffness/flexibility depending on direction) reflecting individual user needs, including different types and degrees of deficit. We demonstrate this with the example of using chainmail in a hand exoskeleton, where 3D printed chainmail components can be arranged in a single-layer structure with adjustable one- or two-way bending modulus. The novelty of the proposed approach consists in combining the use of real data from research on the exoskeleton of the hand, new methods of their analysis using deep neural networks, with a clear and scalable design of a 3D printed fabric product that can be personalized (mechanical parameters such as stiffness and bend angles in various directions) to the needs and goals of therapy in a particular patient. So far, this approach is unique, having no equivalent in the literature. This paves the way for a wider implementation of adaptive chainmails based on machine learning, more efficient for more complex chainmail designs.

Specificity of 3D Printing and AI-Based Optimization of Medical Devices Using the Example of a Group of Exoskeletons

“…Another element of the exoskeleton can also be personalized: the 3D-printed fabric (i.e., chainmail). The stiffness and bending angles of the fabric can be adjusted to the patient in different directions (with an adjustable one-or two-way bending module) [29,30]. The use of the above solutions in an exoskeleton allow one to shape the skeleton's mechanical properties, including limiting the direction and angle of movement if required by the rehabilitation plan.…”

Artificial intelligence in the design and production of personalized 3D printed products – conclusions from the project “Things are for People”

“…Zademonstrowano to na przykładzie zastosowania chainmaila w egzoszkielecie ręki, gdzie wydrukowane w 3D elementy mogą być ułożone w jednowarstwową strukturę o regulowanym jedno-lub dwukierunkowym module zginania. Nowość proponowanego podejścia polega na połączeniu wykorzystania rzeczywistych danych z badań nad egzoszkieletem ręki, nowych metod ich analizy z użyciem głębokich sieci neuronowych, z przejrzystym i skalowalnym projektem pro-duktu z tkaniny drukowanej w 3D, który może być spersonalizowany (parametry mechaniczne, takie jak sztywność i kąty zgięcia w różnych kierunkach) do potrzeb i celów terapii konkretnego pacjenta [8,9] (rys. 2).…”

Personalization of the 3D-Printed Upper Limb Exoskeleton Design—Mechanical and IT Aspects

“…This applies to various activities (activities of daily living), from simple, related to self-service, to complex, e.g., climbing stairs while holding onto the handrail [7]. For the purposes of upper limb exoskeletons, it is already possible to automate or semiautomatically (based on AI) design 3D-printed chainmail with individually programmable properties-especially with variable stiffness/flexibility depending on the direction, with an adjustable one-or two-way bending module [8]. The model of human-machine cooperation is also subject to personalization.…”