Defects Passivation Strategy for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202200179. solar cells. [2] Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained enormous attention owing to their tunable energy bandgap, long charge carrier diffusion length, and high absorption coefficient. [3] The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has increased rapidly from 3.8% to 25.5% certified by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory of the United States. [4] Its rapid progress has never been seen before in the history of photovoltaic development. However, many obstacles should be overcome for its large-scale commercialization, such as the currentvoltage hysteresis effect, long-term instability (lifetime), and degradation under oxygen-rich or humidity. [5] In the preparation process of the perovskite layer, many point defects will appear such as vacancies, interstitial, or anti-site atoms (MAPbI 3 , e.

Molecular Dipole Engineering of Carbonyl Additives for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[11][12][13] Among them, additives engineering has become an effective strategy to improve the stability of PSCs by regulating the growth of perovskite grains and decreasing the defects density of perovskite film. [14][15][16][17] For instance, carbonyl molecules have been proven to be an effective additive to assist the preparation of highefficiency and stable PSCs, due to carbonyl groups are easily available, and they have unique advantages in forming strong coordination interaction with Pb 2 + , reducing the defect density of the perovskite film. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Grätzel et al introduced an anion engineering concept, using the pseudohalide anion formate (HCOO À ) to suppress anion-vacancy defects presented at grain boundaries and the surface of the perovskite films to augment the crystallinity of the films.…”

“…Thus, many strategies are used to improve the long‐term stability of PSCs by improving the quality of perovskite thin films like solvent engineering, [7] interface engineering, [8] composition engineering, [9] dimension engineering, [10] additives engineering, and so on [11–13] . Among them, additives engineering has become an effective strategy to improve the stability of PSCs by regulating the growth of perovskite grains and decreasing the defects density of perovskite film [14–17] . For instance, carbonyl molecules have been proven to be an effective additive to assist the preparation of high‐efficiency and stable PSCs, due to carbonyl groups are easily available, and they have unique advantages in forming strong coordination interaction with Pb 2+ , reducing the defect density of the perovskite film [18–24] .…”

Challenges in Controlling the Crystallization Pathways and Kinetics for Highly Reproducible Solution-Processing of Metal Halide Perovskites

“…Therefore, careful treatments and analyses are imperative to understanding the effects of the changes on the final perovskite product. For example, excess precursors deviated from the stoichiometric ratio are often introduced to passivate structural defects in polycrystalline perovskite films. , However, as learned from the coordination chemistry in precursor solutions, the role of excess precursors influences even the early stages of fabrication steps, such as solution preparation. Therefore, it becomes crucial in future research to meticulously elucidate the effects of any changes in the preparation of precursor solutions through the introduction of additives, bearing in mind whether they can make positive or negative synergies with other effects on perovskite crystallization.…”

Enhanced Perovskite Solar Cell Stability and Efficiency via Multi‐Functional Quaternary Ammonium Bromide Passivation

“…Specially, when exposed to the environment, the perovskite films would be attacked by the moisture and oxygen, resulting to the irreversible degradation of perovskite films and finally the devices. [ 12,13 ]…”

“…Specially, when exposed to the environment, the perovskite films would be attacked by the moisture and oxygen, resulting to the irreversible degradation of perovskite films and finally the devices. [12,13] Strategies, like defect passivation, have been proved effective to treat to render the surface less reactive chemically. [14][15][16][17][18] The ionic bond between anion and cation has caused extensive research, as the introduction of metal cations Cs + , [19,20] K + , [21] and Rb +[22] usually has a positive effect on the I interstitial and the anti-site substitution of Pb−I, while the anions Br −[23] and Cl −[24] are usually used to passivate lead interstitial and halide vacancies.…”