Defense spending and economic growth: an empirical investigation for Greece and Turkey

Dritsakis, Nikolaos

doi:10.1016/j.jpolmod.2004.03.011

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Unlike these findings, Halicioglu (2004) and Yildirim et al (2005) found that defence expenditures had positive effects on economic growth. In Dritsakis (2004), no cointegrated relationships between defence expenditures and economic growth for Turkey and Greece were found, while there was a unidirectional causality between the variables for both countries for the data covering 1960-2001. Dritsakis (2004) also showed that Turkish and Greek defence expenditures were not autonomous.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In Dritsakis (2004), no cointegrated relationships between defence expenditures and economic growth for Turkey and Greece were found, while there was a unidirectional causality between the variables for both countries for the data covering 1960-2001. Dritsakis (2004) also showed that Turkish and Greek defence expenditures were not autonomous. In other words, one country determines the level of its defence expenditures according to the level of defence expenditures of the other.…”

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confidence: 79%

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The Long-Run Linkages Between Education, Health and Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey

Eryigit

Eryiğit

Selen

2012

Defence and Peace Economics

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In this study, we empirically investigate the long-run relationships between education-health expenditures, defence expenditures and economic growth in Turkey by using annual time-series data for the time period 1950-2005. To estimate these relationships, we use the cointegration method, which allows for the existence of structural breaks. The results show that there are two cointegrating vectors in the system with statistically significant structural breaks. According to the identified long-run equations, education and health expenditures affect economic growth positively, while defence expenditures have negative effects. In addition, the results show that there is a budgetary trade-off between education-health and defence expenditures.

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confidence: 79%

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confidence: 79%

The Long-Run Linkages Between Education, Health and Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey

Eryigit

Eryiğit

Selen

2012

Defence and Peace Economics

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“…A study by Dritsakis (2004) also showed a feedback effect causality relationship between defense spending of Greece and that of Turkey. In other words, the study proved that the size of defense spending in Greece heavily rely on the size of defense spending in Turkey and vice-versa.…”

Section: Review Of Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 94%

Military expenditure and the economy of Zimbabwe

Tsaurai¹

2014

JGR

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This study examines the causal relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in Zimbabwe. The causality relationship between government military expenditure and economic growth has so far received attention from many economists, the dominant ones being Wagner (1890) and Keynes (1936). According to literature, there currently exist four perspectives around the causality relationship military expenditure and economic growth. The first perspective by Keynes (1936) suggests that military expenditure spur economic growth whilst the second perspective by Wagner (1890) mentions that economic growth affects military expenditure. The third perspective says both military expenditure and economic growth affects each other whilst the fourth perspective suggests the existence of no causality relationship at all between military expenditure and economic growth. The results of this study proves that military expenditure does not directly influence economic growth whilst economic growth does also not directly influence military expenditure both in the short and long run.

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“…The heavily indebted countries and the very small economic volume of military spending has been observed to be less than in other countries (Hewitt, 1991). Dritsakis (2004) investigated the relation between the defense expenses and the economic growth between the years of 1960 and 2001 in Turkey and Greece, by Johansen co integration test and vector error correction models; he couldn't find co integration between the defense expenses and the economic growth. As a result of Granger causality test, there arose unidirectional causality from the growth to the defense expenses.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense Investment and Reconstructioning Industry: Vision 2023 of Turkey

Uzun¹,

Kalaycı²,

Demirci³

2017

Proceedings of the International Conference on Transformations and Innovations in Management

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Each country has to reserve a share optimum amount of defense investment from the budget. If a country's defense is inadequate, other investments will remain to be an inadequate level in the country. World military expenditure in 2016 totaled about $1.68 trillion, around 2.2 percent of world GDP. From 1945 to the day extraordinary advances in military technology occurred made it mandatory new investment and reconstructions in the defense industry. Highly competitive inter/national large corporations should be established in the defense industry as USA and Europe made mergers. The biggest defense spenders in 2016 were respectively USA, China, Russia, S.Arabia, India. To Turkey's 2023 vision, with rational defense investment will be an important contribution as developing the economy and the industry and the technology level. Due to the neighbor, the amount of aid given to housing and health care and employment for 3.5 million refugees who fled the civil war in Syria, is over $ 25 billion. As taking consideration with existing defense potential of Turkey, It must be taken sample that countries, obtaining social-economic utulity from defense investment.

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Defense spending and economic growth: an empirical investigation for Greece and Turkey

Cited by 60 publications

References 30 publications

The Long-Run Linkages Between Education, Health and Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey

The Long-Run Linkages Between Education, Health and Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey

Military expenditure and the economy of Zimbabwe

Defense Investment and Reconstructioning Industry: Vision 2023 of Turkey

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