Degradação in vitro da fibra em detergente neutro de forragem tropical de baixa qualidade em função da suplementação com proteína verdadeira e/ou nitrogênio não-proteico

Detmann, Edênio; Queiróz, Augusto César de; Zorzi, Karina; Mantovani, Hilário Cuquetto; Bayão, Geraldo Fábio Viana; Gomes, Matheus Pinto Coelho

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982011000600016

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There was no effect of starch level on forage digestion rate (C), as an average value of 0.0218 h -1 was observed (Table 2), similar to that reported by Detmann et al (2011) for low quality forage digestion rate (0.0227 h -1 ). This may be due to the good quality of the forage used as well as the efficient buffering provided by the McDougall buffer, since the final pH values were not affected (pH = 6.76) by starch levels.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

In vitro kinetic parameters of marandu palisadegrass associated with nonfiber carbohydrates

Carvalho

Cabral

Paula

et al. 2016

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%) of starch or glucose associated with marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) on its kinetic parameters and fiber digestion by the in vitro gas production technique. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and six replications for each energy source. The marandu palisadegrass associated with nonfiber carbohydrate levels was incubated in 120 ml bottles, with McDougall buffer and rumen fluid from two rumen-cannulated sheep. Readings were taken of gas pressure within the bottle, and two vials were removed at 24, 48 and 96 hours (h) to assess residual neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The one-pool logistic model was used to estimate the kinetic parameters for pure forage and forage associated with starch, however it was necessary to use the two-pools model when glucose was added. Each 1% of added starch promoted a linear increase in total gas production of 0.2254 ml and a decrease in lag time of 0.2451 h, but did not affect the digestion rate. Glucose levels had a quadratic effect on digestion rate and lag time, with a minimum estimated value for digestion rate of 0.01689 h-1 at a glucose level of 10.07% and a minimum lag time of zero. Starch levels caused a linear reduction in NDF digestion of 0.296% only at 24 h, while glucose levels linearly reduced the NDF digestion in all evaluated times (0.3269, 0.4171 and 0.2340% at 24, 48 and 96 h, respectively). Glucose levels promoted different effects on the in vitro gas production kinetic parameters of marandu palisadegrass compared to starch supplementation, highlighting the prolonged negative effects on NDF digestion.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

In vitro kinetic parameters of marandu palisadegrass associated with nonfiber carbohydrates

Carvalho

Cabral

Paula

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…In vitro NH 3 -N concentration works as an indicator of protein degradability because there is no nitrogen absorption or recycling, as in the in vivo rumen environment (Detmann et al, 2011). The average NH 3 -N concentration of all treatments was 14.21 mL dL -1 and was within the optimum ruminal NH 3 -N range of 12 and 17 mL dL -1 for optimal fermentation and rumen microbial growth (Anantasook and Wanapat, 2012;Lunsin et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Additives on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of rice straw

et al. 2017

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of mineral and protein-energy (MPES), exogenous fibrolytic enzyme supplements (ES), combination of MPES + ES, and straw without supplement (WS) on digestibility, fermentation kinetic parameters, cumulative gas production, methane, CO 2 production, and volatile fatty acid concentration of rice straw of low and high nutritional value, estimated by in vitro techniques. The experimental design was randomized and factorial 2 × 4: two straws (low and high nutritional value) incubated with four supplements (MPES, ES, MPES + ES, and WS) and their interactions. Four experimental periods were used, totaling four replications per treatment over time. Data were analyzed by PROC MIXED of SAS. The in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibilities of the rice straw with high nutritional value was improved by MPES, while the combination of MPES + ES supplements inhibited the digestibility of this straw. Dietary carbohydrate and nitrogen increased through MPES and MPES + ES supplements resulted in an increase in NH 3 -N concentration and a decrease in CO 2 production due to the microbial mass formation. However, this increase was not enough to improve organic matter degradability parameters, cummulative gas production, gas production kinetics, and acetate:propionate ratio and reduce methane emissions. The straw with high nutritional value showed greater content of nitrogen fraction a, effective degradability, cummulative gas production, and methane and CO 2 productions comparing with low-nutritional value straw. The use of MPES and MPES + ES supplements can be used as strategy to mitigate CO 2 in ruminant production systems that use rice straw.Key Words: digestibility, digestion kinetics, fatty acid, gas production, methane Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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“…If the rumen fill effect prevails, the intake of new feed (a new input of forage) would be predominately determined by the output of resident material in the rumen (WALDO; SMITH; COX, 1972;. The improvement of the degradation rate enhances the disappearance of potentially digestible NDF (pdNDF) from the rumen (COSTA et al, 2008;DETMANN et al, 2011); however, a part of the pdNDF and the indigestible NDF (iNDF) can be removed from the rumen only by passage.…”

Section: Utilization Of Low-quality Tropical Foragesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional aspects applied to grazing cattle in the tropics: a review based on Brazilian results

et al. 2014

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This review presents and discusses the nutritional and physiological aspects of cattle production under grazing in the tropics. The critical evaluations were based on Brazilian experimental results as well as on basic literature concerning ruminant nutrition. Several associations between the characteristics of the grazed forage, the composition of the supplements and animal and microbial requirements were established. The adopted approach was divided according to two different climatic seasons observed in the tropics: dry and rainy seasons. During the dry season, the main nutritional constraints on animal performance are associated with inherent requirements of the rumen fibrolytic microorganisms. An overall deficiency of nitrogenous compounds is observed in the forage, which compromises forage intake and digestibility. Supplementation with nitrogenous compounds must be a priority in this season to increase forage intake and energy extraction from forage fiber. However, during the rainy season, no constraints on microbial growth are observed. The usual pasture composition presents an unbalanced and high ratio of energy to protein when compared to animal requirements. In such cases, protein supplementation is needed to equilibrate the basal diet and improve the utilization of metabolizable energy and protein.Key words: Cattle production, supplementation, ruminant metabolism, tropical forages ResumoA presente revisão baseia-se na apresentação e discussão dos aspectos nutricionais da produção de bovinos em pastejo nos trópicos. As avaliações críticas foram calcadas em resultados experimentais obtidos no Brasil bem como na literatura básica relacionada à nutrição de ruminantes. Diversas associações entre características da forragem pastejada, a composição dos suplementos e os requerimentos microbianos e dos animais foram estabelecidas. A abordagem adotada foi organizada de acordo com duas diferentes estações climáticas observadas em regiões tropicais: estação seca e estação chuvosa. Durante a estação seca as principais limitações nutricionais estão associadas a deficiências relacionadas aos requerimentos dos microrganismos fibrolíticos do rúmen. Deficiência global de compostos nitrogenados é verificada na forragem, o que compromete o consumo e a digestão da forragem. A suplementação com compostos nitrogenados deve ser prioritária nesta estação para se incrementar o consumo de forragem e a extração de energia a partir da fibra. Contudo, durante a estação chuvosa não são observadas limitações inerentes ao crescimento microbiano. A composição da forragem revela, em media, uma elevada relação energia:proteína em comparação à mesma relação nos requerimentos dos animais. Nestes casos, a suplementação proteica se faz necessária para equilibrar a dieta basal e melhorar a utilização da energia metabolizável e da proteína metabolizável. Palavras-chave: Forragens tropicais, metabolismo ruminal, produção bovina, suplementação

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Degradação in vitro da fibra em detergente neutro de forragem tropical de baixa qualidade em função da suplementação com proteína verdadeira e/ou nitrogênio não-proteico

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

In vitro kinetic parameters of marandu palisadegrass associated with nonfiber carbohydrates

In vitro kinetic parameters of marandu palisadegrass associated with nonfiber carbohydrates

Additives on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of rice straw

Nutritional aspects applied to grazing cattle in the tropics: a review based on Brazilian results

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