Delayed sleep–wake phase disorder in young adults: prevalence and correlates from a national survey of Norwegian university students

Sivertsen, Børge; Harvey, Allison G.; Gradisar, Michael; Pallesen, Ståle; Hysing, Mari

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.028

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3 DSWPD is prevalent in adolescents and young adults, with a prevalence of 7% to 16%. 4 , 5 Because most patients with DSWPD present with difficulty sleeping, they are often misdiagnosed as insomniacs by clinicians. 6 Previous data show that about 10% of recurrent insomnia patients in the sleep clinic are DSWPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

Liu¹,

Fang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

NSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To investigate the feasibility and patient acceptance of applying blue light glasses to treat delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD). Methods Fifteen patients with DSWPD were collected as the observation group and 15 healthy people as the control group. The patients wore blue light glasses with a continuous radiation wavelength of about 470 nm for 1h to 2h during the period from 06:30 to 09:00 in the morning after waking up, respectively. Assessment of Hamilton Anxiety Scale 14 items (HAMA14), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24 items (HAMD24), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores before and after 1 week of treatment. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the efficacy of patients with sleep-wake phase delay disorder and HAMA14, HAMD24, PSQI, ISI, ESS, MEQ, SL (sleep time), TST (total sleep time), TTiB (total time in bed), SQ (sleep quality), TOA (total arousal time), WASO (wake after sleep onset), AAT (average arousal time), and SE (sleep efficiency percent). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis of factors influencing the efficacy of patients with sleep-wake phase delay disorder. Results After treatment, PSQI-G scores, number of nighttime awakenings and time of awakening recorded in the sleep diary decreased significantly in the observation group (P < 0.05), and subjective sleep quality and MEQ scores increased (P < 0.05). MEQ score shifted from “moderate night type” to “intermediate type”, sleep-wake phase tended to shift forward. The total PSQI score and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Global (PSQI-G) score were significantly lower in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). By Pearson correlation analysis, the efficacy of patients with sleep-wake phase delay disorder was significantly correlated with HAMA14, HAMD24, PSQI, ISI, ESS, MEQ, SL, TST, TTiB, SQ, TOA, WASO, AAT, and SE. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors influencing the efficacy of patients with sleep-wake phase delay disorder were PSQI, ISI, ESS, MEQ, SL, TST, TTiB, SQ, TOA, WASO, AAT, and SE. Conclusion Blue light therapy has a positive effect on improving subjective sleep quality, reducing the number of nocturnal awakenings and the duration of nocturnal awakenings, improving daytime function, and shifting the sleep phase forward in patients with DSWPD. Blue light therapy improves subjective sleep quality and daytime function the following day in normal individuals.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

Liu¹,

Fang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

NSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, a simple and useful assessment tool for the screening of DSWPD is desirable. To date, most epidemiological studies on DSWPD have employed a self-reported questionnaire based on the criteria items of the disorder on the ICSD (9,12,13). In this questionnaire, the information regarding the inability to fall asleep at the desired bedtime, which is mandatory for the clinical diagnosis of DSWPD, is lacking (9,12,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence rate of DSWPD has been reported at 0.17%−1.5% in the general population (6,7). In comparison, a survey on 10,220 adolescents aged 16-18 years in Norway found a relatively higher rate of 3.3% (8), and a most recent Norwegian survey of 50,054 students aged 18-35 years showed a prevalence of 3.3% (9), suggesting that the disorder is possibly more prevalent in the younger generation than in other populations. The desired bed-off time of workers in their 20s is much earlier than that of university students (10), and the desynchronization of their sleep phase due to DSWPD may lead to maladaptation to their work life (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in Japan, there has not been a real-world epidemiological survey of younger generation targeting both students and workers. Moreover, although information relating to an individual's desired bedtime is required for DSWPD diagnosis, this information was not included in the self-reported questionnaire employed in previous epidemiological studies (9,12,13). Some studies have reported that adolescents with DSWPD have a higher prevalence of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety (3,13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and Factors Associated With the Risk of Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder in Japanese Youth

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDelayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) is more prevalent among the younger generation. However, the prevalence of this disorder in Asia, particularly Japan, has not yet been elucidated. Furthermore, the impact of DSWPD morbidity on daytime functioning and factors associated with the presence of the disorder remain unclear.MethodsA web-based survey was conducted among youth aged 15–30 years. In total, 7,810 individuals completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic variables as well as the Japanese version of the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry self-report (J-BRIAN-SR), which assesses the risk of DSWPD, sleep behaviors and possibly related lifestyle variables, productivity loss [WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ)], and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The risk of DSWPD was indicated by a J-BRIAN-SR score greater than or equal to 40 points and days of absence ≥4 days per month. After comparing these variables for participants at risk of DSWPD and those who were not, the factors associated with the risk of DSWPD were examined using logistic regression analysis, with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables as independent variables.ResultsThe overall prevalence of participants at risk DSWPDs was 4.3%. Compared with participants without DSWPD, those at risk of DSWPD presented significantly worse HPQ and HRQOL scores. The risk of DSWPD was positively associated with the presence of currently treated diseases, length of nighttime liquid crystal display (LCD) viewing, and being a high school/university students. It was negatively associated with habitual exercise.ConclusionThe risk of DSWPD seemed to be consistent with reports from Western countries, and individuals possibly affected by the disorder were thought to have deteriorated daytime functioning. In addition, lifestyle specific to youth, such as long-term LCD viewing at night and relatively loose social constraints, could be associated with the presence of DSWPD in this generation.

show abstract

“…Sleep problems such as insufficient sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and sleep‐wake problems are associated with behavioural problems, self‐harm behaviours, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and worse health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents (Bøe et al., 2012; Roeser et al., 2012; Shimizu et al., 2021; Shochat et al., 2014; Sivertsen et al., 2021; Sivertsen et al., 2015). Reversely, behavioural problems and emotional disturbance are associated with difficulties in sleep onset and maintenance (Ivanenko et al., 2005; Meijer et al., 2010), thereby indicating a potential bidirectional relationship between sleep and mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional associations between sleep problems and behavioural difficulties and health‐related quality of life in adolescents: Evidence from the SCAMP longitudinal cohort study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Sleep problems show associations with negative outcomes in both physical and mental health in adolescents, but the associations may be reciprocal. We aimed to assess bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms including behavioural difficulties (internalising and externalising difficulties) and low health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods A total of 6616 adolescents (52.4% females) across Greater London completed baseline assessments when they were aged 11–12 years, and 3803 of them (57.2% females) completed follow‐up assessments at aged 13–15 years. Weekday and weekend sleep duration were derived from self‐reported bedtime, sleep onset latency and wake time. Sleep disturbance was assessed using a standardized sleep disturbance scale. Internalising and externalising difficulties were assessed using subscales of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. HRQoL was assessed using the KIDSCREEN‐10 questionnaire. Cross‐lagged structural equation modelling was used with multiple imputation to examine bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms. Results Females had greater internalising difficulties, worse HRQoL and more sleep disturbance than males. Persistent insufficient weekday and weekend sleep, and sleep disturbance (i.e., at both baseline and follow‐up) were associated with internalising and externalising difficulties and low HRQoL at follow‐up (ORs ranged from 1.53 to 3.63). Persistent externalising difficulties and low HRQoL were also associated with insufficient weekend sleep and sleep disturbance at follow‐up (ORs ranged from 1.68 to 4.25). Using continuous variables, we found bidirectional associations between weekday sleep duration and HRQoL, weekend sleep duration and externalising score, sleep quality and internalising score, and sleep quality and HRQoL. The association magnitudes were mostly similar in the two directions. Conclusions Our study showed bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms during adolescence, indicating that early intervention and treatment on the first‐occurring symptom may prevent the development of subsequent problems.

show abstract

Delayed sleep–wake phase disorder in young adults: prevalence and correlates from a national survey of Norwegian university students

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

Prevalence and Factors Associated With the Risk of Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder in Japanese Youth

Bidirectional associations between sleep problems and behavioural difficulties and health‐related quality of life in adolescents: Evidence from the SCAMP longitudinal cohort study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About