The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

Liu, Dong; Fang, Penghong; Liu, Huimiao; Chen, Lili; Fu, Ying; Liu, Junqian; Xie, Bin; Liu, Yihan; Ye, Hongyuan; Gu, Ping

doi:10.2147/nss.s344616

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The beneficial effect of daytime blue light is supported by the finding that a deficiency of blue light during day phase-delays the dim light melatonin onset in a manner similar to that of evening blue light 13 . Together these findings support the recent recommendations for the use of morning blue light as therapies for jet lag, seasonal affective disorder, and other mood disturbances 14–17 …”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…13 Together these findings support the recent recommendations for the use of morning blue light as therapies for jet lag, seasonal affective disorder, and other mood disturbances. [14][15][16][17] In some animal models, (daytime) rearing in short-wavelength light inhibits the development of experimentally induced myopia by slowing axial elongation (for review, see Rucker 18 ). In chicks, blue light inhibited the development of myopia in response to form-deprivation 19 or negativelens wear 20 ; the same was true for negative-lens-wearing guinea pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Morning or Evening Narrow-band Blue Light on the Compensation to Lens-induced Hyperopic Defocus in Chicks

Nickla¹,

Wang

Rucker

et al. 2022

Optom Vis Sci

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SIGNIFICANCE: Exposure to blue light before bedtime is purported to be deleterious to various aspects of human health. In chicks, blue evening light stimulated ocular growth, suggesting a role in myopia development. To further investigate this hypothesis, we asked if brief blue light altered the compensatory responses to hyperopic defocus. PURPOSE: Previous work showed that several hours' evening exposure to blue light stimulated ocular growth in chicks, but morning exposure was only effective at a lower illuminance. By contrast, rearing in blue light has inhibited ocular growth in untreated eyes and eyes exposed to form deprivation or defocus. We studied the effects of brief exposures to blue light on the compensation to hyperopic defocus.

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Morning or Evening Narrow-band Blue Light on the Compensation to Lens-induced Hyperopic Defocus in Chicks

Nickla¹,

Wang

Rucker

et al. 2022

Optom Vis Sci

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“…Besides, non-specific depressed non-depressed were also included, especially those accompanied by sleep disturbances. Three studies targeted people with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD) ( 65 , 75 , 76 ). One article studied burnout ( 77 ), one was on insomnia/shift work disorder ( 63 ), and one focused on mild traumatic brain injury (mTBIs) that excluded Axis I mental disorders ( 78 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For nine quasi-experimental/non-randomized controlled studies, the quality of evidence was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental studies ( Supplementary Table S3 ). In two studies ( 83 , 92 ), other measures remained unclear, and in two studies ( 69 , 75 ), the baseline conditions could not be totally balanced, but the overall quality was eligible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian light therapy and light dose for depressed young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chen,

Yan,

Cheng

2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundEmpirical evidence has shown that light therapy (LT) can reduce depression symptoms by stimulating circadian rhythms. However, there is skepticism and inconclusive results, along with confusion regarding dosing. The purpose of this study is to quantify light as a stimulus for the circadian system and create a dose-response relationship that can help reduce maladies among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). This will provide a reference for light exposure and neural response, which are crucial in the neuropsychological mechanism of light intervention. The study also aims to provide guidance for clinical application.MethodsThe latest quantitative model of CLA (circadian light) and CSt,f (circadian stimulus) was adopted to quantify light dose for circadian phototransduction in youth depression-related light therapy. Articles published up to 2023 through Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline (OVID), CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Embase, and Scholars were retrieved. A meta-analysis of 31 articles (1,031 subjects) was performed using Stata17.0, CMA3.0 (comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.0) software, and Python 3.9 platform for light therapy efficacy comparison and dose-response quantification.ResultsUnder various circadian stimulus conditions (0.1 < CSt,f < 0.7) of light therapy (LT), malady reductions among AYAs were observed (pooled SMD = −1.59, 95%CI = −1.86 to −1.32; z = −11.654, p = 0.000; I2 = 92.8%), with temporal pattern (p = 0.044) and co-medication (p = 0.000) suggested as main heterogeneity sources. For the efficacy advantage of LT with a higher circadian stimulus that is assumed to be influenced by visualization, co-medication, disease severity, and time pattern, sets of meta-analysis among random-controlled trials (RCTs) found evidence for significant efficacy of circadian-active bright light therapy (BLT) over circadian-inactive dim red light (SMD = −0.65, 95% CI = −0.96 to −0.34; z = −4.101, p = 0.000; I2 = 84.9%) or circadian-active dimmer white light (SMD = −0.37, 95% CI = −0.68 to −0.06; z = −2.318, p = 0.02; I2 = 33.8%), whereas green-blue, circadian-active BLT showed no significant superiority over circadian-inactive red/amber light controls (SMD = −0.21, 95% CI = −0.45 to 0.04; z = −2.318, p = 0.099; I2 = 0%). Overall, circadian-active BLT showed a greater likelihood of clinical response than dim light controls, with increased superiority observed with co-medication. For pre-to-post-treatment amelioration and corresponding dose-response relationship, cumulative duration was found more influential than other categorical (co-medication, severity, study design) or continuous (CSt,f) variables. Dose-response fitting indicated that the therapeutic effect would reach saturation among co-medicated patients at 32–42 days (900–1,000 min) and 58–59 days (1,100–1,500 min) among non-medicated AYAs. When exerting high circadian stimulus of light therapy (0.6 < CSt,f < 0.7), there was a significantly greater effect size in 1,000–1,500 min of accumulative duration than <1,000 or >1,500 min of duration, indicating a threshold for practical guidance.LimitationsThe results have been based on limited samples and influenced by a small sample effect. The placebo effect could not be ignored.ConclusionsAlthough the superiority of LT with higher circadian stimulus over dimmer light controls remains unproven, greater response potentials of circadian-active BLT have been noticed among AYAs, taking co-medication, disease severity, time pattern, and visual characteristics into consideration. The dose-response relationship with quantified circadian stimulus and temporal pattern had been elaborated under various conditions to support clinical depression treatment and LT device application in the post-pandemic era.

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“…Medical personnel can follow the above methods when diagnosing young patients [21]. The blue light therapy can be tried, which can significantly improve the condition from a subjective point of view [22]. However, recent experiments have demonstrated that patients with DSWPD and N24SWD patients exhibit different delay mechanisms.…”

Section: Delayed Sleep Phase Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders

Zhang¹

2022

HSET

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Circadian rhythm fluctuates within 24 hours, affecting many physiological processes and aspects of daily life, including eating behavior, regulation of sleep wake cycle and metabolic homeostasis. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders(CRSWDs) refer to the inconsistency between the human body's circadian behavioral activities and the needs of social life. Common classifications classify it as Delayed sleep phase type (DSP), Advanced sleep phase type (ASP), Free-running type and Irregular sleep-wake type. The potential pathogenesis of CRSWDs is closely related to human clock genes. Emens et al reported finding that N24H sleep-wake disorder is an important milestone in etiology. Light is the stronges inducement of circadian rhythm. CRSWDs may due to the long-term lack of light and other external timing factors, leading to circadian rhythm disorders and sleep homeostasis imbalance rather than being driven by a disorder of the central circadian clock. Regular exposure to strong light is often used to treat CRSWDs. This paper briefly introduces the historical background of understanding circadian rhythm, and then the common pathogenesis and mechanism of sleep wake disorder with different circadian rhythms and the corresponding treatment were discussed.

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The Clinical Effect of Blue Light Therapy on Patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Morning or Evening Narrow-band Blue Light on the Compensation to Lens-induced Hyperopic Defocus in Chicks

Effects of Morning or Evening Narrow-band Blue Light on the Compensation to Lens-induced Hyperopic Defocus in Chicks

Circadian light therapy and light dose for depressed young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders

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