Delineation of Drainage Network and Estimation of Total Discharge using Digital Elevation Model (DEM).

Imran, Rana Muhammad; Rehman, Abdul; Khan, Mudasser Muneer; Jamil, Muhmmad Rahat; Abbas, Usman; Mahmood, Rana Saad; Mahmood, Syed Amer; Haq, Ehsan ul

doi:10.33411/ijist/2019010201

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Daily streamflow data from the Bilate gauging station for a period of 20 years (1986-2005), and spatial data including a 30 × 30 m digital elevation model (DEM), as well as soil and land use data collected from the Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity (MoWIE) of Ethiopia, are utilized in our study. The DEM is required to calculate the flow accumulation, stream networks, slope, and watershed delineation [65,66]. The land use-land cover (LULC) dataset is required for hydrological simulations to understand the hydrological processes [67,68].…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Hydrometeorology and Droughts in the Bilate Watershed, Ethiopia

Orke

2022

Water

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This study aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on hydrometeorological variables and drought characteristics in the Ethiopian Bilate watershed. Climate projections under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) were obtained from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) Africa for the near future (2021–2050) and far future (2071–2100) periods. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied to assess changes in watershed hydrology with the CORDEX-Africa data. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) were calculated to identify the characteristics of meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts, respectively. Due to a significant rise in temperature, evapotranspiration will increase by up to 16.8% by the end of the 21st century. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, the annual average rainfall is estimated to decrease by 38.3% in the far future period, inducing a reduction of streamflow of up to 37.5%. Projections in reduced diurnal temperature range might benefit crop growth but suggest elevated heat stress. Probabilities of drought occurrence are expected to be doubled in the far future period, with increased intensities for all three types of droughts. These projected impacts will exacerbate water scarcity and threaten food securities in the study area. The study findings provide forward-looking quantitative information for water management authorities and decision-makers to develop adaptive measures to cope with the changing climate.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Hydrometeorology and Droughts in the Bilate Watershed, Ethiopia

Orke

2022

Water

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“…Industrialization has created many environmental issues for the developing world, including water, air pollution and soil depletion. The enhanced cycle of various human activities like agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization have put huge pressure on available reservoirs of fresh water [6]. Nearly 75% of the world's population is devoid of pure water for drinking and water pollution is also a problem for agriculture [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous Effluents and their Impacts on Human Health: Future of Industrial Boom

Rashid

Aslam

Abbas

et al. 2020

IJIST

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Industries, being commercial productive units perform as manufacturing agents to produce large quantity of goods to cater the needs of increasing population. Manufacturing units use raw material and goods to deliver the final product. The findings of this research are consistent and reliable. The study area mainly consists of three types of industries including iron and steel, chemical and fertilizer and plastic industry. The hazardous waste generated by industries in Pakistan was computed as 1 lac tons per day and more than 10 thousand tons/day in Lahore. These wastes played a vital role in the degradation of environment. In addition, various harmful gases such as fluoride, carbon monoxide and dust were released by these industries which mixed with fog and caused smog that resulted in respiratory diseases and the Lahore remained in smog for last 3 years. The air quality declined to alarming level because of the dust produced by these industries. Air pollution leads to skin problems, and respiratory diseases among residents living in outskirts of these industries. In this research it is estimated that industrial emission is more dangerous than any other emissions. From the year 2008 to 2019 the harmful emissions were categorized as 43% by transport sector, 25% by industries, 20% by agricultural sector and 22% by power sector. Proper planning and management is required to secure the safety of environment from the adverse effects of industries.

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“…It is the main reason of extensive urbanization [1]. The rapid urbanization and the population growth have increased the demands of fresh water to manage various tasks from domestic to industrial scales [2]. The increase in demand has put an intolerable liability on the natural water reserves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this situation, the strategies for water management can be a progressive step towards preserving this natural resource for the challenges that the future beholds. The enhanced cycle of various human activities like agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization have put huge pressure on available reservoirs of fresh water [3]. The recent study on the assessment of adoption of rainwater harvesting system in residential building in Lahore is also supporting one of the best strategies for management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Strategy to Remove Potable Water Scarcity in Lahore

Ahmad

Iqbal

Naveed

et al. 2020

IJIST

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Water is life” is not only a phrase but also a reality which ensure human survival. This study provides an important tool to analyze different water management strategies that can be helpful in saving available water resources in an efficient way. Consultation with the public and officials of Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA), Lahore Development Authority (LDA), and Water & Power Development Authority (WAPDA) made this easier to understand the acceptability of the explored strategies in Lahore. A sample size of 400population was observed a supportive method to draw favorable results from the collected primary data. It is estimated that Lahore and its outskirts receive highest rainfall which contributes 40% to the annual groundwater recharge but the water table is still depleting gradually. This research provides necessary information regarding the conservation of ground water. The correlations method was applied to check the significance of the variables. The findings proposed that authorities must communicate awareness among general public regarding importance of water or should start programs for water management. The other way of correlating strategies implemented in other similar countries led us towards billing and taxing as the topmost strategy to be implemented in our case study. A total of 66% targeted population was willing to make this strategy implemented through government support. Although other strategies like flash flooding, water recycling, rainwater harvesting, and equitable access to water all the time were following the acceptance as 60%, 61%, and 62% respectively. Finally, imposition of strict laws on water usage leads toward water saving for a sustainable future.

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Delineation of Drainage Network and Estimation of Total Discharge using Digital Elevation Model (DEM).

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Impact of Climate Change on Hydrometeorology and Droughts in the Bilate Watershed, Ethiopia

Impact of Climate Change on Hydrometeorology and Droughts in the Bilate Watershed, Ethiopia

Hazardous Effluents and their Impacts on Human Health: Future of Industrial Boom

Efficient Strategy to Remove Potable Water Scarcity in Lahore

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