Dementia in Parkinson disease: A neuropsychological analysis

Pirozzolo, Francis J.; Hansch, Edward C.; Mortimer, James A.; Webster, David D.; Kuskowski, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/0278-2626(82)90007-0

Cited by 234 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These impairments include slowed scanning on a visual recognition task (26) and slowing on motor response tasks that can reflect both bradykinesia and a central defect of motor programming (24). Mortimer et al (27) and Pirozzolo et al (28) observed that, among parkinsonism patients, bradykinesia correlated significantly with poorer performances on tests involving psychomotor speed, visual-spatial performances, and memory for spatial orientation. Our exposed group also performed significantly worse on tests involving visual motor and attention response speed (digit symbol and trail making) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral functions among workers exposed to manganese ore.

Chia¹,

Sc²,

Sl³

et al. 1993

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral functions among workers exposed to manganese ore.

Chia¹,

Sc²,

Sl³

et al. 1993

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Mounting evidence indicates that PD, apart from the typical motor signs (Lang & Lozano, 1998;Gibb & Lees, 1988), is often accompanied by a variety of cognitive deficits (Caballol, Marti, & Tolosa, 2007;Pirozzolo, Hansch, Mortimer, Webster, & Kuskowski, 1982;Reitan & Boll, 1971), including rather subtle difficulties in visual-spatial perception (Boller et al, 1984), memory (Flowers & Robertson, 1985;Wilson, Kaszniak, Klawans, & Garron, 1980), language (Matison, Mayeux, Rosen, & Fahn, 1982), concept formation, and behavioral regulation (Flowers & Robertson, 1985;Cools, van den Bercken, Horstink, van Spaendonck, & Berger, 1984;Lees & Smith, 1983;Bowen, Kamienny, Burns, & Yahr, 1975), which suggests the involvement of the BG and the cortico-subcortical loops of which they are part in the regulation of these cognitive functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Role of Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loops in Top–Down and Bottom–Up Visual Attention: An Investigation of Attention Deficits in Parkinson Disease

Tommasi

Fiorio

Yelnik

et al. 2015

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ It is solidly established that top-down (goal-driven) and bottom-up (stimulus-driven) attention mechanisms depend on distributed cortical networks, including prefrontal and frontoparietal regions. On the other hand, it is less clear whether the BG also contribute to one or the other of these mechanisms, or to both. The current study was principally undertaken to clarify this issue. Parkinson disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the BG, has proven to be an effective model for investigating the contribution of the BG to different brain functions; therefore, we set out to investigate deficits of top-down and bottom-up attention in a selected cohort of PD patients. With this objective in mind, we compared the performance on three computerized tasks of two groups of 12 parkinsonian patients (assessed without any treatment), one otherwise pharmacologically treated and the other also surgically treated, with that of a group of controls. The main behavioral tool for our study was an attentional capture task, which enabled us to tap the competition between top-down and bottom-up mechanisms of visual attention. This task was suitably combined with a choice RT and a simple RT task to isolate any specific deficit of attention from deficits in motor response selection and initiation. In the two groups of patients, we found an equivalent increase of attentional capture but also comparable delays in target selection in the absence of any salient distractor (reflecting impaired top-down mechanisms) and movement initiation compared with controls. In contrast, motor response selection processes appeared to be prolonged only in the operated patients. Our results confirm that the BG are involved in both motor and cognitive domains. Specifically, damage to the BG, as it occurs in PD, leads to a distinct deficit of top-down control of visual attention, and this can account, albeit indirectly, for the enhancement of attentional capture, reflecting weakened ability of top-down mechanisms to antagonize bottom-up control. ■

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“…1993 ficial. In reality, the cognitive disorders in PD ocCur along a continuum of deterioration (Pirozzolo, 1982). The notion of global cognitive disorder is, however, of some heuristic value with regard to the tests mostly used for rapid evaluation of mental functions in these patients.…”

Section: Erp and Global Cognitive Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These deficits, occurring in the absence of generalized intellectual deterioration, may concern memory (Bowen et al, 1976;Pirozzolo et al, 1982;Taylor et aI., 1987), language (Matison et aI., 1982; Lees and Smith, 1983), visuospatial abilities (Boller et aI., 1984;Brown and Marsden, 1986;Hovestadt et aI., 1988), concept formation and behavioral regulation (Bowen et aI., 1975;Lees and Smith, 1983;Taylor et al 1986).…”

Section: Erp and Global Cognitive Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-Related Potentials in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Růžička

Massioui²

1993

Behavioural Neurology

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This article reviews the findings of event-related potentials (ERP) in Parkinson's disease (PD) published during the last 10 years. Basic principles and methods ofERP are briefly presented with particular regard to the auditory "odd-ball" paradigm almost uniquely employed for the ERP assessment in PD to date. The results of respective studies are overviewed and discussed with respect to three main axes:(1) The slowing down of cognitive processing in PD is reflected by the delays ofN2 and P3 components of ERP which are more important in demented than in non-demented patients. The Nl component is delayed in demented patients with PD as well as in other dementias of presumed subcortical origin. (2) Various neuropsychological deficits observed in PD correlate with the delays of ERP evoking the implication of common subcortico-cortical cerebral mechanisms. (3) The variations ofERP under dopaminergic manipulation suggest conflicting effects oflevodopa treatment on cognition, at least in certain categories of PD patients. These findings are discussed in the light of current knowledge on neurotransmitter brain systems and some hypothetic explanations are proposed. Finally, an attempt is made to outline further perspectives of clinical and research utilization of ERP in Parkinson's disease.

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Dementia in Parkinson disease: A neuropsychological analysis

Cited by 234 publications

References 30 publications

Neurobehavioral functions among workers exposed to manganese ore.

Neurobehavioral functions among workers exposed to manganese ore.

Disentangling the Role of Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loops in Top–Down and Bottom–Up Visual Attention: An Investigation of Attention Deficits in Parkinson Disease

Event-Related Potentials in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

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