Density dependent mortality, climate, and Argentine ants affect population dynamics of an invasive citrus pest, Diaphorina citri, and its specialist parasitoid, Tamarixia radiata, in Southern California, USA

Milosavljević, Ivan; Morgan, David; Massie, Rachael E.; Hoddle, Mark S.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2021.104627

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The present study corroborates the early research finding by Husain and Nath [23] who reported that the time of important activity and most speedy increase in numbers of D. citri correlates with those of the development of new flush growths and the emergence of new foliage. Our results corroborate such findings, particularly with respect to Milosavljevic et al [45] that cumulative temporal D. citri populations (i.e., all life stages) in urban areas of southern California frequently correlated with citrus leaf flushing patterns over time and across different climates. Some researchers have revealed that eggs laid by D. citri gravids are only in the buds of young flush shoots and nearly all eggs are oviposited in 14 days in the beginning of new bud [24].…”

Section: Seasonal Variation In D Citri Population Abundance Relating To Flushingsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This will definitely discourage and impede HLB disease transmission through rapid suffocation and prolonged insects' injury process. According to Milosavljevic et al [45], densitydependent reduction of ACP by T. radiata was identified as a significant mortality factor often exceeding 60% during periods of peak parasitoid activity and is required to maximize biological control of D. citri. Therefore, it is imperative to supplement with selective insecticides or HMO application at vital flushing durations which are possibly efficacious comparatively in inhibiting dissemination of disease and can request consistent surveillance of D. citri population in citrus orchards that it would be possible to use time management strategies such as trapping, regular monitoring, and insecticide applications.…”

Section: Impact Of Horticultural Mineral Oil (Hmo) On Disease Incidence and Spread Of Hbl By D Citrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is unlikely to provide complete prevention of CLas spread if control of D. citri population is by natural enemies alone [32,33]. Application of selective insecticides [34][35][36][37] to be supplemented by biological control agents such as Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Eupholidae) and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis (Shafee, Alam and Argarwal) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as well as several ladybeetle species and Argentine ant Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are recommended for development of integrated pest and disease management strategy of D. citri [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. There is usually no treatment for HLB and the best curative method is to carry out the integrated disease management utilizing planting materials that are healthy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) certified HLB-free, elimination of symptomatic citrus trees to reduce inoculum sources, monitoring of vector and disease incidence and insecticidal applications [6][7][8], as to reduce the spread of the HLB disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Horticultural Mineral Oil on Huanglongbing Transmission by Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Population in a Commercial Citrus Orchard in Sarawak, Malaysia, Northern Borneo

Leong

Beattie

2021

Insects

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Diaphorina citri Kuwayama transmits a destructive citrus disease caused by a fastidious bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) designated as Huanglongbing (HLB) which posed a risk of detrimental threat to the Malaysian citrus industry. All D. citri life stages show a lumped habit on young flushes and its population fluctuations was closely related to accessibility of young flushes. The study aimed to investigate if the appearance of young flush shoots on citrus influences ACP population fluctuation and if horticultural mineral oil (HMO) could reduce spread of HLB transmission by ACP in a commercial healthy orchard. Field research was carried out from 1 April 2011 to 1 December 2014 in a 2-year-old 1 ha citrus farm that consisted of 200 PCR-certified disease-free grafted non-bearing honey tangerine (Citrus reticulata L.) in southwestern Sarawak, Malaysia. The experiment had two treatments namely control (unsprayed) and nC24 HMO with four replications arranged in a simple randomized block design. ACP eggs, nymphs, and adults per flush shoot was assessed and HLB incidence was monitored for visual inspection of the citrus trees for the current existence of usual signs of characteristic symptoms of HLB such as yellowing shoots, leaf mottling, and corky or enlarged veins on leaves. HLB-specific primer was employed in 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction to detect the CLas gene in diseased trees. Increase in abundance of D. citri is mainly affected by the citrus flushing cycles and their life stages are completed on these flush shoots. Relative degree of aggregation index for D. citri adults increased during periods of cyclic production of new flush. HMO-treated plots produced a significantly lower percentage up to 11.43% of diseased trees against 42.20% in untreated control plots. HMO is effective against D. citri and recommended to be incorporated in the IPM program to prevent infection and reduce the spread of HLB.

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Section: Seasonal Variation In D Citri Population Abundance Relating To Flushingsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Impact Of Horticultural Mineral Oil (Hmo) On Disease Incidence and Spread Of Hbl By D Citrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Horticultural Mineral Oil on Huanglongbing Transmission by Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Population in a Commercial Citrus Orchard in Sarawak, Malaysia, Northern Borneo

Leong

Beattie

2021

Insects

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“…During the process of invasion, exotic species encounter several biotic and abiotic barriers to colonization, survival, regeneration, and dispersal [3]. However, both native species and exotic species may promote bio-invasion by establishing new mutualistic interactions with invaders [4][5][6][7][8]. Different types of mutualistic interactions (e.g., mutualisms between plant microbe, plant pollinator, plant seed disperser, and insect microbe) have been reported for both invasive plants [9,10] and invasive animals [4,5,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutualisms between ants and insects in the order Hemiptera (e.g., aphids, whiteflies, scale insects, treehoppers, leafhoppers, and mealy bugs) are called trophobiosis [15,[17][18][19]. Ants protect hemipterans from predation (e.g., by ladybirds, lacewings, and spiders) or parasitism by wasps [6,8], while hemipterans provide honeydew to ants as a source of carbohydrates (Figure 1a) [7,20,21]. In addition to enhancing the fitness of their hemipteran partners, ant predation or harassment of other herbivorous insects can impact plant fitness [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Effects of Invasive vs. Native Ant-Hemipteran Mutualism: A Meta-Analysis That Supports the Mutualism Intensity Hypothesis

et al. 2021

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Mutualism can facilitate the colonization, establishment, and spread of invasive species. By modifying interactions with third parties, mutualisms can have cascading community-wide effects. Both native and invasive ants are capable of forming mutualisms with hemipteran insects, preying on non-hemipteran herbivores and indirectly affecting primary production. Comparative research on the effects of both native and invasive ant exclusions on multitrophic interactions is therefore crucial for understanding the invasive potential of ants, along with any ecological consequences that invasions may have. We performed a quantitative review of the multitrophic effects of invasive and native ants on insect–plant food webs. Herbivorous insects are the most common food source for both invasive (comprising 56% of prey species caught) and native ants (55% of the prey species caught), followed by predators (31% for invasive ants, 45% for native ants). Excluding both invasive and native ants significantly reduced hemipteran abundance, and excluding invasive ants had a greater negative impact on hemipteran abundance than native ants. Native ant predation significantly reduced herbivore abundance, but excluding invasive ants had no effect. Cascading effects of native ants on plant fitness were significantly positive, but there was no significant impact of invasive ants. These findings suggest a weak relationship between the presence of invasive ants and non-hemipteran herbivore abundance. We suggest that the hemipteran–ant mutualism could represent a ‘symbiotic invasion’. The ecological dominance of invasive ants is often facilitated by hemipteran insects. This association requires invasive ant control strategies to expand beyond ants to consider mutualists.

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Local and landscape factors differentially influence predatory arthropods in urban agroecosystems

Liere,

Cowal

2024

Ecosphere

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Like other urban green spaces, urban community gardens can act as biodiversity refugees, especially for small organisms like arthropods. In turn, arthropods can provide important ecosystem pest control services to these agroecosystems. Thus, an often‐asked question among urban gardeners is how to improve gardens and surrounding areas for natural enemies and associated pest control services. We examine how local vegetation and garden characteristics, as well as the surrounding landscape composition, affect ground‐dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Staphylinidae), spiders (Araneae), opilionids (Opiliones), and ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), all of which are important predators. In the summer of 2019, we collected predators, vegetation, ground cover, and garden and landscape characteristic data from 10 community gardens in the city of Seattle, Washington. We found that different groups of natural enemies are associated with different environmental variables and at different scales; probably related to differences in their dispersal capabilities, habits, and diets. Floral variables (number of flowers and number of species in flower) had a negative effect on nonflying natural enemies (spiders, opilionids, and ground‐dwelling beetles), but not on flying ones (ladybird beetles). The only taxon that was significantly affected by a landscape‐scale variable was Opiliones, the only group examined that exclusively disperses by ground. Our results show contrasting results to similar studies in different regions and highlight the need to expand the taxa and regions of study.

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Density dependent mortality, climate, and Argentine ants affect population dynamics of an invasive citrus pest, Diaphorina citri, and its specialist parasitoid, Tamarixia radiata, in Southern California, USA

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

Effect of Horticultural Mineral Oil on Huanglongbing Transmission by Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Population in a Commercial Citrus Orchard in Sarawak, Malaysia, Northern Borneo

Effect of Horticultural Mineral Oil on Huanglongbing Transmission by Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Population in a Commercial Citrus Orchard in Sarawak, Malaysia, Northern Borneo

Direct and Indirect Effects of Invasive vs. Native Ant-Hemipteran Mutualism: A Meta-Analysis That Supports the Mutualism Intensity Hypothesis

Local and landscape factors differentially influence predatory arthropods in urban agroecosystems

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