Dependencies of Donor–Acceptor Memory on Molecular Levels

Abstract

This study reports the variation in the switch-on voltages of resistive switching devices using an electron-donating conjugated polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, and hexaazatriphenylene-derivative acceptors. Memory devices fabricated using the spin-coated blends demonstrated electrical bistability with a conductivity modulation of ∼2 orders in magnitude and with negligible data loss after a stress test of 500 consecutive readouts conducted at 0.2 V. The switch-on voltage of the resistive switching device can be altered by using molecular acceptors with different LUMO levels. The charge transfer between the donor and acceptor was shown by quenching the fluorescence emission from P3HT after adding the acceptors. UV–vis absorption and Raman spectroscopic characterization revealed electrostatic doping of P3HT after switching the device from its OFF to ON state. The charge injection mechanisms of the two different conductive states were also analyzed and were found to be due to thermionic emission and Poole–Frenkel tunneling when the device is in the low and high conductive states, respectively.

Nanoscale “Noise‐Source Switching” during the Optoelectronic Switching of Phase‐Separated Polymer Nanocomposites

“…After the reset, the sample exhibited the current values similar to those before the set (green line). The hysteresis in the I − V characteristics shows that the state of our polymer nanocomposite could be reversibly switched between the “on state” with a high conductivity and the “off state” with a low conductivity via external bias voltages as reported previously …”

“…This indicates that the switching was not the result of changes in the thickness or roughness of the nanocomposite film. Instead, electrical effects such as charge transfer in a donor–acceptor complex and a trap filling could lead to the reversible switching of the nanocomposite, as suggested previously …”

“…Previously, it was reported that donor–acceptor pairs can be stabilized by transferring a charge from a donor to an acceptor, forming a charge‐transfer complex . The formation of a stable TTF‐PCBM complex by the charge transfer between TTF (donor) and PCBM (acceptor) molecules has been observed before .…”

Integrated carboxylic carbon nanotube pathways with membranes for voltage-activated humidity detection and microclimate regulation

“…11,12 Among materials working like sensors, carbon nanotubes are considered tremendously attractive due to their relative exceptional electrical properties. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The voltageactivated hybrid-composite membrane proposed in this work can be regarded as an attractive proof-concept of intelligent multifunction microarrays where functional carbon nanotubes carry out concurrent electrical charge transfer along the membrane surface and moisture transportation from one membrane side to the other. A competitive, state-of-the-art, unobstructed and cheaper electroresponsive membrane capable of working as a humidity sensor while providing a comfortable response to alterations in the surrounding environment is proposed here.…”

Resistive switching memory devices based on electrical conductance tuning in poly(4-vinyl phenol)–oxadiazole composites

“…3 Among the reported materials for resistor memories, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] polymer blend materials have significant advantages compared to others due to their easy and diverse modulation of the host polymers and guest additives to control the resulted memory characteristics. [17][18][19] The polymers serve as an electrically functional host or just a supporting matrix, whereas the guest additives have an interaction with polymers or among themselves. [17][18][19] The polymers serve as an electrically functional host or just a supporting matrix, whereas the guest additives have an interaction with polymers or among themselves.…”