Depletion of the non-renewable natural exergy resources as a measure of the ecological cost

Szargut, Jan; Ziębik, A.; Stanek, Wojciech

doi:10.1016/s0196-8904(02)00005-5

Cited by 198 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To consider environmental implication of electricity produced in a PV systems, the impact assessment is carried out using thermo-ecological cost analysis in whole life-cycle (TEC-LC). According to J. Szargut [27], [28] the TEC-LC indicator is defined as the cumulative consumption of non-renewable exergy connected with the manufacturing of a particular product. The TEC-LC includes, in addition, the consumption resulting from the necessity of compensation of environmental losses caused by rejection of harmful substances in the natural environment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multi-criteria methods to compare different solutions of supplying buildings in electricity from photovoltaic systems

Mendecka

Stoltmann

2016

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. Nowadays, the technologies of electricity generation in distributed systems are usually associated with Renewable Energy Sources (RES). The choice of the construction site depends mainly on the availability of the power system. However, energy planning, especially in case of RES, is a complex process involving multiple and often conflicting objectives. The complexity of the selection of the electricity system is typically addressed with the use of multi-criteria tools, involving all of the considered criteria and also different methods of their aggregation. The result is a final ranking of the available alternatives. This paper describes the application of a multi-criteria decision tool for the comparative analysis of the use of alternative options of the PV technology for electricity production. Four decision variants are considered, including the different construction of solar farms (static and movable structure) and different types of configuration of individual installation (off and on-grid). The construction of each new sources of electricity generation, including PV, is the multi-threaded and multi-dimensional decision problem. The criteria used in the analysis combine economic, environmental and social issues. The first of the considered criterion is the Net Present Value (NPV) which determines the economic viability of the project. The second criterion, thermo-ecological cost (TEC), connecting energy and environmental issues. Finally, the Land Use (LU) is considered as a social criterion. As aggregation function, the Weighted Sum Method (WSM) is used. The sensitivity analysis of the criteria weights was performed with the use of a novel method involving Monte Carlo simulation and a method of data reconciliation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multi-criteria methods to compare different solutions of supplying buildings in electricity from photovoltaic systems

Mendecka

Stoltmann

2016

E3S Web Conf.

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“…The system ecological effects including the evaluation of natural resource management is possible with the application of the TEC [5,6,12,13,16]. TEC is defined [5,12] as a cumulative consumption of non-renewable exergy connected with the fabrication of a particular product with inclusion of the additional demand for resources necessary to compensate of losses due to rejection of wastes to the natural environment.…”

Section: Thermo-ecological Cost (Tec) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEC is defined [5,12] as a cumulative consumption of non-renewable exergy connected with the fabrication of a particular product with inclusion of the additional demand for resources necessary to compensate of losses due to rejection of wastes to the natural environment. The TEC is calculated from set of balances which structure is explained Fig.…”

Section: Thermo-ecological Cost (Tec) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exergu Cost (ExC) analysis reaching the level of primary non-renewable resources can be the measure of influence of production technology on the depletion of non-renewable natural resources and in literature [12,13] is defined as Thermo-Ecological Cost (TEC). In the presented work the authors briefly discussed two balance models of blast furnace (BF) with the model of Cowper stoves (CS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exergo-Ecological Assessment Of Auxiliary Fuel Injection Into Blast-Furnace

Stanek¹,

Szega²,

Blacha³

et al. 2015

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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Metallurgy represents complex technological chain supplied with different kinds of primary resources. Iron metallurgy based on blast-furnace process, dominates in world steel production. Metallurgical coke is the basic fuel in this case. Its production is connected with several environmental disadvantageous impacts. One of them is the extended production chain from primary energy to final energy. The reduction of coke consumption in the process can be achieved e.g. by injection of auxiliary fuels or increasing the thermal parameters in the process. In present injection of pulverised coal dominates while recirculation of top-gas seems to be future technology. However, the latter one requires the CO 2 removal that additionally extended the production chain. The evaluation of resources management in complex energy-technological systems required application of advanced method based on thermodynamics. In the paper the system exergo-ecological assessment of pulverised coal injection into blast-furnace and top-gas recirculation has been applied. As a comparative criterion the thermo-ecological cost has been proposed.Keywords: Blast-Furnace (BF), Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI), Top-Gas Recirculation (TGR), Thermo-Ecological Cost (TEC) Metalurgia reprezentuje złożony łańcuch technologiczny zasilany różnymi rodzajami zasobów pierwotnych. Proces wielkopiecowy jest dominującą technologią w światowej metalurgii żelaza. Podstawowym paliwem w tym przypadku jest koks metalurgiczny. Produkcja koksu jest związana jednak z szeregiem niekorzystnych oddziaływań środowiskowych. Jednym z nich jest wydłużony łańcuch przemian od pozyskania zasobów energii pierwotnej do wytworzenia koksu. Redukcję zużycia koksu w wielkim piecu można osiągnąć przez wdmuchiwanie paliw zastępczych lub przez zwiększanie parametrów termicznych dmuchu wielkopiecowego. Obecnie w nowoczesnym procesie wielkopiecowym dominuje wdmuchiwanie pyłu węgla kamiennego. Jako technologię przyszłościową zaś wymienia się recyrkulację gazu wielkopiecowego do strefy dysz wielkiego pieca. Recyrkulacja gazu wymaga jednak zastosowania usuwania CO 2 , co wiąże się z dodatkowymi nakładami energii. Ocena efektywności gospodarki zasobami w złożonych systemach energo-technologicznych wymaga zastosowania zaawansowanych metod opartych o prawa termodynamiki. W pracy zaprezentowano systemową egzergo-ekologiczną ocenę wdmuchiwania pyłu węglowego oraz recyrkulacji gazu gardzielowego do wielkiego pieca. Jako kryterium porównawcze zastosowano wskaźnik kosztu termo-ekologicznego.

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“…Therefore, for a general commodity as a product, a service, or an emission the ecological economic cost can be well measured by the cosmic exergy directly or indirectly consumed in making or sustaining it associated with the concerned time and spatial scales. Thus cosmic emergy is brought forward as an update of solar emergy, which is also recognized as the generalization of Szargut's cumulative exergy theory by extending the evaluation baseline of natural resources in traditional narrow sense of fossil fuels and mineral ores to the cosmic exergy availability in the material earth [61][62][63].…”

Section: General Introduction For Cosmic Emergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Economic Evaluation Based on Emergy as Embodied Cosmic Exergy: A Historical Study for the Beijing Urban Ecosystem 1978–2004

Jiang

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2010

Entropy

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For ecological economic evaluation based on the unified biophysical matrix this research illustrates an updated emergy synthesis in terms of embodied cosmic exergy instead of embodied solar energy, which successes the foundation of systems ecological theory but changes the starting point for the estimation from simply the sun to the cosmos. According to the modified definition implicating explicit scarcity and strict additivity based on the fundamental thermodynamics laws, the updated emergy approach overcomes the confusable and intractable deficiencies of traditional one and shows firmer theoretical basis as well as better applicability. As a case study for the regional socio-economic ecosystem, a cosmic emergy based ecological economic evaluation of the Beijing urban ecosystem during the period 1978-2004 is presented. The local and external resources supporting the concerned ecosystem are accounted and analyzed in a common unit, i.e., cosmic Joule, according to which a series of indicators are applied to reveal its evolutional characteristics OPEN ACCESSEntropy 2010, 12 1697 through five aspects as emergy structure, emergy intensity, emergy welfare, environmental impacts, and degree of exploitation and economic efficiency. During the analyzed period, the major emergy source sustaining the operation of the ecosystem had changed from the renewable resources exploited locally to the nonrenewable resources purchased from outside. Emergy intensity for the Beijing urban ecosystem kept rising owing to the continuous investment of resources, which not only improved the living standard but also intensified the environmental pressure. Moreover, the increase of exploitation degree was accompanied with the decline of economic efficiency, while the rising emergy investment ratio implicates that Beijing was at the risks of resources shortage and high dependence on external resources.

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Depletion of the non-renewable natural exergy resources as a measure of the ecological cost

Cited by 198 publications

References 4 publications

Application of multi-criteria methods to compare different solutions of supplying buildings in electricity from photovoltaic systems

Application of multi-criteria methods to compare different solutions of supplying buildings in electricity from photovoltaic systems

Exergo-Ecological Assessment Of Auxiliary Fuel Injection Into Blast-Furnace

Ecological Economic Evaluation Based on Emergy as Embodied Cosmic Exergy: A Historical Study for the Beijing Urban Ecosystem 1978–2004

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