Derivatives of Chitin and Chitosan

Effective removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions using crab carapace biosorbent

“…It is believed that adsorption of Zn 2+ in this study took place on the surface sites within the chitin microporous matrix [21]. At the same time, the presence of calcium carbonate, a major component of crab carapace, and magnesium carbonate also dissolved in the mixture and released Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and CO 3 2-.…”

“…Crab carapace is an abundant natural waste product from seafood processing with millions of tons being generated annually [21]. The chemical compositions of crab carapace were known to be in the ranges of 40-66% calcium carbonate, 3-5% magnesium carbonate, 11-29% protein, 20-27% chitin, 1.35% lipid and less than 2% others as dry weight basis [22,23].…”

Preparation and Characterisation of Phenytoin-Loaded Alginate and Alginate-Chitosan Microparticles

“…Therefore, there is need for a stabilizing agent that can be a membrane forming polycation bound to the alginate gel by electrostatic interactions. One such agent is chitosan, a natural linear biopolyaminosaccharide, obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin (Roberts 1992). Chitin is a straight homopolymer composed of β-(1,4)-linked N -acetyl-glucosamine units, whereas chitosan comprises a series of copolymers of glucosamine and N -acetyl-glucosamine (Kas 1997;Singla and Chawla 2001;Kato 2003).…”

Application of Shrimp Shell Waste Chitosan as Edible Coating to Extend the Shelf-Life of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…[42] The difference is determined by the nitrogen content, with chitin having less than 7% nitrogen and chitosan having more than 7% total nitrogen. [43] Chitosan exhibits various physicochemical properties such as renewable natural resources, nonallergenic, antibacterial, biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable. [44] These biopolymers have therefore attracted great interest in a variety of research areas, including applications in food, pharmaceutical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, agriculture, textiles, pulp and paper, biotechnology, and various chemical industries.…”