Description of Hymenolepis microstoma (Nottingham strain): a classical tapeworm model for research in the genomic era

Cunningham, Lucas J.; Olson, Peter D.

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-123

Cited by 56 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Genomic and transcriptomic data from a laboratory strain of H. microstoma (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) maintained in vivo using BALB/c mice and flour beetles (see Cunningham and Olson 2010, for a complete description of the model system) were used to identify orthologs of Wnts and associated signalling components (Table 1). Several Wnt genes were first identified from partial transcripts shot-gun characterised via Roche 454-based sequencing, and representing whole adult and larval worm cDNAs (unpublished data).…”

Section: Genomic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt gene loss in flatworms

Riddiford

Olson

2011

Dev Genes Evol

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Wnt genes encode secreted glycoproteins that act in cell-cell signalling to regulate a wide array of developmental processes, ranging from cellular differentiation to axial patterning. Discovery that canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is responsible for regulating head/tail specification in planarian regeneration has recently highlighted their importance in flatworm (phylum Platyhelminthes) development, but examination of their roles in the complex development of the diverse parasitic groups has yet to be conducted. Here, we characterise Wnt genes in the model tapeworm Hymenolepis microstoma and mine genomic resources of free-living and parasitic species for the presence of Wnts and downstream signalling components. We identify orthologs through a combination of BLAST and phylogenetic analyses, showing that flatworms have a highly reduced and dispersed complement that includes orthologs of only five subfamilies (Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt4, Wnt5 and Wnt11) and fewer paralogs in parasitic flatworms (5-6) than in planarians (9). All major signalling components are identified, including antagonists and receptors, and key binding domains are intact, indicating that the canonical (Wnt/β-catenin) and non-canonical (planar cell polarity and Wnt/Ca(2+)) pathways are functional. RNA-Seq data show expression of all Hymenolepis Wnts and most downstream components in adults and larvae with the notable exceptions of wnt1, expressed only in adults, and wnt2 expressed only in larvae. The distribution of Wnt subfamilies in animals corroborates the idea that the last common ancestor of the Cnidaria and Bilateria possessed all contemporary Wnts and highlights the extent of gene loss in flatworms.

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Section: Genomic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt gene loss in flatworms

Riddiford

Olson

2011

Dev Genes Evol

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“…bearing hooks should be classified in their own genus (i.e. Rodentolepis ) (see 46). If so, then we expect H. microstoma to be better representative of H. nana than to H. diminuta .…”

Section: Progress In Cestode Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origin of the strain can be traced back to the original domestication of the species by the C. P. Read laboratory at Texas Rice University in the 1950s (47), making the genome data directly relevant to a large body of previous research based on isolates of this strain. A complete description of the strain and it origins, including a review of its general biology and use as a laboratory model, has been recently published in open access format (46).…”

Section: Progress In Cestode Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cestode genomics – progress and prospects for advancing basic and applied aspects of flatworm biology

Olson

Zarowiecki

Kiss

et al. 2012

Parasite Immunology

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Characterization of the first tapeworm genome, Echinococcus multilocularis, is now nearly complete, and genome assemblies of E. granulosus, Taenia solium and Hymenolepis microstoma are in advanced draft versions. These initiatives herald the beginning of a genomic era in cestodology and underpin a diverse set of research agendas targeting both basic and applied aspects of tapeworm biology. We discuss the progress in the genomics of these species, provide insights into the presence and composition of immunologically relevant gene families, including the antigen B- and EG95/45W families, and discuss chemogenomic approaches toward the development of novel chemotherapeutics against cestode diseases. In addition, we discuss the evolution of tapeworm parasites and introduce the research programmes linked to genome initiatives that are aimed at understanding signalling systems involved in basic host-parasite interactions and morphogenesis.

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“…Hymenolepis microstoma, a mouse worm, has been used as a model for tapeworm biology studies and teaching due to its easy in vitro proliferation in the laboratory [23]. As previous studies have shown, a small RNA-inducing mechanism is likely to pervasively exist in platyhelminth parasites [17,18].…”

Section: Identification Of Known Mirnas In H Microstomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of known miRNAs across platyhelminths

Jin

Lü

et al. 2013

The FEBS Journal

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subtype of small regulatory RNAs that are involved in numerous biological processes through small RNA-induced silencing networks. In an attempt to explore the phylogeny of miRNAs across five platyhelminths, we integrated annotated miRNAs and their full genomes. We identified conserved miRNA clusters and, in particular, miR-71/2 was conserved from planarian to parasitic flatworms and was expanded in free-living Schmidtea mediterranea. Analysis of 22 miRNA loci provided compelling evidence that most known miRNAs are conserved across platyhelminths. Meanwhile, we also observed alterations of known protein-coding genes flanking miRNA(s), such as transcriptional direction conversion and locus relocation, in around~41% of 22 known miRNA loci. Compared with Echinococcus multilocularis, the majority of these events occurred in evolution-distant Hymenolepis microstoma, Schistosoma japonicum or/and S. mediterranea. These results imply rearrangement events occurred near the known miRNA loci.

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Description of Hymenolepis microstoma (Nottingham strain): a classical tapeworm model for research in the genomic era

Cited by 56 publications

References 55 publications

Wnt gene loss in flatworms

Wnt gene loss in flatworms

Cestode genomics – progress and prospects for advancing basic and applied aspects of flatworm biology

Comparative analysis of known miRNAs across platyhelminths

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