“…WGR have many optics and optoelectronics applications and are studied in both passive and active mode [ 59 ]. The previous applications for passive mode include optical and photonic single resonator filters [ 60 , 61 ], high-order filter or cascade resonators [ 62 , 63 ], tunable filters [ 64 ], WGM filters in optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) [ 65 , 66 ], and sensors, which can be biological, chemical, or mechanical [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. The active-mode WGM is commonly utilized as a laser source, and involves wave mixing devices such as continuous-wave (CW)-WGM laser, i.e., the miniature laser [ 55 , 71 ], resonator-modified scattering [ 72 ], switches and modulators [ 73 ], OEO [ 74 ], pulse propagation and generation, and wave-mixing oscillator [ 59 ].…”