Abstract-Environmental problems, such as pollutions, become more intensive every year. One of the major causes is a higher fuel consumption and CO 2 emission. In year 2009, 23 percent of CO 2 emission globally comes from land transportation systems, which is equal to 7,000 million tons of CO 2 . This large amount of pollution gas must be reduced to slow down global environmental problems. Reduction of fuel consumption and CO 2 emission in land transportation systems, which will have immediate positive economical and environmental impacts, has become an important part of green technology to alleviate global warming due to human activities. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which aims at applications of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the transportation systems, has offered unique opportunities for the green ITS. This article aims to provide a survey of the latest published applications as well as the envisaged technical challenges in this research area.Index Terms-Green technology, traffic light-to-vehicle communication, TLVC, fuel consumption, CO 2 emission, intelligent transportation system, Green ITS, vehicular communications I. INTRODUCTION VIRONMENTAL problems become a serious concern for the mankind. Huge amount of pollution is released every year due to the growth of world economics, resulting in the global warming problem. There are several attempts to alleviate the global warming, such as uses of alternative natural energy; solar, wind, and water energy. However, the investment of natural energy production is very high and gives low return rate for industries. As a result, this approach is not yet achieved.According to statistics, more than 30,000 million tons of CO 2 is emitted each year [1]. As shown in Fig. 1a, North America is the number one continent of fuel consumption and C. Suthaputchakun is a PhD student of Electronic Engineering Department, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK, on leave from Bangkok University, Bangkok, 12120, Thailand. (e-mail: c.suthaputchakun@surrey.ac.uk) Z. Sun is a professor of Electronic Engineering Department, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK. (e-mail: z.sun@surrey.ac.uk) M. Dianati is a lecturer/RCUK academic fellow