“…ESOs have been widely employed in many sophisticated uncertain systems, such as spacecraft structure systems (Yang et al, 2014), permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo systems (Liu & Li, 2012), hypersonic vehicles, and multi-agent systems (Yang et al, 2015). Because of their good estimating properties and capacity to adjust, other structures of observers exist in addition to ESOs, such as the unknown input observer (UIO), disturbance observer (DOB), and perturbation observer (POB), adaptive observer, and sliding mode observer (Hameed et al, 2019, Hassan et al, 2020, Falah et al, 2020, Djamel & Mefoud, 2019.…”