Solid Rocket Motors (SRM) are rocket motors that use solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer). Optimization of the motor’s design is the process to alter the schematics of the engine for higher engine efficiency and cost minimization. Solid Rocket Motor optimization is one of the key topics of aerospace engineering research today. Conventional methods for optimization have fallen obsolete due to the exceedingly large number of design variable in modern rocket engine optimization. This paper will summarize and review some of the related research carried out in this field. Modern methods of optimization are usually designed to be multidisciplinary using complex computerized hyper-heuristic algorithms like Genetic Algorithms, sequential quadratic programming, particle swarm optimization. In conclusion, this paper could be a useful reference for those who would like to acquire a scan of the field of modern SRM optimization, learn the core methodologies for the optimization process and understand the logic of related methods.