Designing Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks (HOFs) with Permanent Porosity

Abstract

Designing organic components that can be used to construct porous materials enables the preparation of tailored functionalized materials. Research into porous materials has seen a resurgence in the past decade as a result of finding of self‐standing porous molecular crystals (PMCs). Particularly, a number of crystalline systems with permanent porosity that are formed by self‐assembly through hydrogen bonding (H‐bonding) have been developed. Such systems are called hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Herein we systematically describe H‐bonding patterns (supramolecular synthons) and molecular structures (tectons) that have been used to achieve thermal and chemical durability, a large surface area, and functions, such as selective gas sorption and separation, which can provide design principles for constructing HOFs with permanent porosity.

Semiconductive Microporous Hydrogen-Bonded Organophosphonic Acid Frameworks

“…HOFs are also more convenient to recycle and are free of heavy metal ions, providing environmentally friendly solutions. The recent interest in HOFs has resulted in several review articles [34][35][36][37] summarizing their applications in CO2 capture [38][39][40] and proton conductivity [41,42] . However, to date, no semiconducting HOFs have been reported in the literature.…”

Fabrication of a Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework Membrane through Solution Processing for Pressure‐Regulated Gas Separation

“…Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are a novel class of porous crystalline materials, consisting of organic moieties connected by non‐covalent interactions, such as hydrogen‐bonding, π–π, and electrostatic interactions . Apart from their use as bulk materials, HOFs possess fascinating advantages as membrane materials, combining the solubility of the polymer and the porosity of MOFs.…”

Controlled Growth of Ag Nanocrystals in a H‐Bonded Open Framework

“…Hydrogen‐bonded open frameworks are an emergent class of microporous, molecule‐based materials . They are characterized by a robust crystalline lattice with large porosity resulting, like for MOF (metal–organic frameworks) and COF (covalent organic frameworks), in remarkable sorption properties with possible application in gas separation, selective detection, or drug encapsulation .…”

“…Hydrogen-bonded open frameworks are an emergent class of microporous, molecule-based materials. [1][2][3][4][5][6] They are characterized by ar obust crystalline latticew ith large porosity resulting, like for MOF (metal-organic frameworks)a nd COF (covalento rganic frameworks), [7] in remarkable sorption properties [8][9][10][11][12] with possible applicationi ng as separation, [13][14] selective detection, [15] or drug encapsulation. [16] The majority of the reported H-bonded frameworksa re purely organic systemsk nown as HOF (H-bonded organic framework).…”