Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from hydrothermal vents

Abstract

T ) differed from D. zosterae not only phylogenetically, but also genomically (DNA-DNA reassociation value between the two bacteria was 23?8 %) and phenotypically. This isolate is therefore proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio, Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis sp. nov.Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, where unusual animal and microbial communities are able to survive the harsh combinations of toxic chemicals, high pressures, high temperatures and total darkness. This high biomass productivity is based largely on the activity of ectoand endosymbiotic associations of chemolithotrophic micro-organisms and vent fauna (Jeanthon, 2000;Polz & Cavanaugh, 1995). Microbial hydrothermal vent communities also include free-living bacteria associated with the discharged vent fluids, free-living microbial mats and micro-organisms within the deep-sea hydrothermal vent plume (Karl, 1995). Although increasing attention has been paid to the thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms that inhabit deep-sea hydrothermal vents, because of their high biotechnological potential, mesophilic and psychrophilic micro-organisms are known to be significant components of the microbial community along the physico-chemical gradient of the vent ecosystem (Jeanthon, 2000). The occurrence of mesophilic sulfatereducing bacteria (SRB) was made evident by (i) significant sulfate-reduction activities in vent sediments (Elsgaard et al., 1994;Jørgensen et al., 1992) and (ii) their isolation from various samples collected at different hydrothermal sites (Elsgaard et al., 1995). However, none of them has yet been characterized.Here, we report the isolation from deep-sea hydrothermal chimneys of SRB that are phylogenetically similar to Desulfovibrio profundus (Bale et al., 1997) and the characterization of a novel mesophilic, barophilic species (strain AM13 T ) of the genus Desulfovibrio, Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis sp. nov.Strains BL5, H9, H1 and AM13T were isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney sample stored in sea water at 4˚C until processing. The GenBank accession number for the 16S rDNA sequence of strain AM13T is AF458778.

Desulfovibrio tunisiensis sp. nov., a novel weakly halotolerant, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from exhaust water of a Tunisian oil refinery

“…T , in comparison with those of closely related species of the genus Desulfovibrio, are shown in Table 1 and were determined as described previously (George et al, 2008;Alazard et al, 2003).…”

Desulfonauticus submarinus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent

“…Although the biodiversity of sulfur-reducers has been widely studied in these deep ecosystems, there are few reports on the isolation and characterization of sulfate-and/or sulfite-reducers (Alazard et al, 2003;Burggraf et al, 1990;Elsgaard et al, 1995;Huber et al, 1997;Jeanthon et al, 2002;Rueter et al, 1994). Here, we describe a novel thermophilic sulfate-reducer (strain T revealed that this novel isolate groups with members of the family Desulfohalobiaceae (Kuever et al, 2003) in the d-subclass of the Proteobacteria and is related to Desulfonatronovibrio hydrogenovorans (similarity 86?5 %) (Fig.…”

“…However, the dominance of sulfate-reducing bacteria in hydrothermal communities has been confirmed by measurements of sulfate-reduction activity in sediments (Elsgaard et al, 1994;Jorgensen et al, 1992) and by their repeated isolation from hydrothermal samples (Alazard et al, 2003;Elsgaard et al, 1995). Thermophilic sulfate-and/or sulfite-reducing members of the domain Archaea were found to be representative of these deep microbial communities.…”

“…They include Archaeoglobus profundus (Burggraf et al, 1990), isolated from hydrothermal vents at Guaymas Basin, and Archaeoglobus veneficus (Huber et al, 1997), isolated from several chimney samples collected at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (23uN) and East-Pacific Rise (9uN). Thermophilic and mesophilic representatives of the domain Bacteria include Thermodesulfobacterium hydrogeniphilum (Jeanthon et al, 2002), isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent at Guaymas Basin, 'Desulfothermus naphthae' (Kuever et al, 2003;Rueter et al, 1994), also isolated from Guaymas Basin sediments, and Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis and Desulfovibrio profundus-like micro-organisms (Alazard et al, 2003), isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney sample collected on the 13uN East-Pacific Rise.…”

Desulfovibrio bastinii sp. nov. and Desulfovibrio gracilis sp. nov., moderately halophilic, sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from deep subsurface oilfield water

“…strain LVform6 isolated from carbonate sediments (Van Lith et al, 2003), and to the recently described species 'Desulfovibrio capillatus' (98?2 % similarity), isolated from an oilfield separator (Miranda-Tello et al, 2003). Since it is also closely related to Desulfovibrio longus (97?5 % similarity), the results of Postgate (1984), Esnault et al (1988), Caumette et al (1991), Magot et al (1992), Tardy-Jacquenod et al (1996a), Bale et al (1997), Krekeler et al (1997), Motamedi & Pedersen (1998), Nielsen et al (1999), Alazard et al (2003) and Miranda-Tello et al (2003). +, Positive test reaction; (+), weak test reaction; 2, negative test reaction; ND, not determined.…”