Detection of Phoma valerianellae in lamb’s lettuce seeds

Pellegrino, C.; Gilardi, G.; Gullino, M. L.; Garibaldi, A.

doi:10.1007/s12600-010-0084-x

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Acidified agars and selective and semiselective media can be used to reduce bacterial contaminants (Pyndji et al, 1987) and saprophytic microorganisms, which can prevent the growth of the pathogens. Many selective and semiselective media have thus been developed for specific seedborne fungi, through the addition of antibiotics, such as streptomycin sulphate (Pellegrino et al, 2010) and penicillin G (Peres et al, 2002;Nasir, 2003); fungicides, such as benomyl (Soteros, 1979); other specific chemicals, such as bromophenol blue (Peres et al, 2002); or inhibitory compounds (Marcinkowska, 2002;Walcott, 2003). A selective medium has been developed specifically for Fusarium oxysporum that reduces the development of fungal contaminants and allows F. oxysporum colonies to grow rapidly (Komada, 1975;Chiocchetti et al, 1999;Vannacci et al, 1999;Garibaldi et al, 2004).…”

Section: Incubation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of this great potential, over the past 20 years, many PCR-based assays have been reported for the identification of seedborne pathogens; e.g. Ascochyta lentis from lentil seeds, Alternaria radicina from carrot seeds, Alternaria brassicae in cruciferous seeds, Leptosphaeria maculans from canola seeds, and Phoma valerianella from lamb's lettuce seeds (Hussain et al, 2000;Pryor & Gilbertson, 2001;Guillemette et al, 2004;Landa et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2010;Pellegrino et al, 2010). PCR-based methods also provide rapid and unequivocal identification of F. oxysporum f. sp.…”

Section: Molecular Fungal Detection Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, seeds represent a particularly efficient vehicle to disperse seedborne pathogens. Unlike infected vegetative plant tissues, infected seeds are in most cases symptomless; additionally, low percentages of seed infection can result in severe crop losses (Pellegrino et al ., ), particularly if the pathogens are quarantine microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic methods for detecting fungal pathogens on vegetable seeds

2016

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Early diagnosis of seedborne fungal pathogens is particularly important, as often, infected seeds appear symptomless; seed diagnosis can avoid uncontrolled propagation of pathogens through long‐distance exchange of such material. This will prevent economic losses and unnecessary use of fungicides, so reducing costs and the introduction of toxic substances into the environment. Traditional techniques for detection of seedborne fungi are based on incubation and grow‐out methods. Although these are frequently used because of their simplicity of application, they are time‐consuming, require mycological skills, and are sometimes not sensitive enough to low levels of seed infection. Recently, new identification techniques, based on DNA analysis, have been applied and are very efficient due to high sensitivity and specificity. The most common technique is conventional PCR, while other recent techniques include nested PCR, to obviate low levels of target pathogens, multiplex PCR, to detect several pathogens simultaneously, real‐time PCR, to quantify fungi on seeds, and magnetic‐capture hybridization PCR. The main drawbacks of molecular methods are the inability to distinguish between vital and non‐vital inocula, and the difficulty in obtaining quality DNA template, due to PCR inhibitors in seeds. To reduce inhibitory effects, several modified PCR protocols, such as loop‐mediated isothermal amplification, and non‐destructive testing methods have been developed. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification and next‐generation sequencing have been widely applied in nucleic acid analysis and, given the numerous advantages provided, their application can be substantially extended in the future for detection of fungal pathogens in seeds.

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Section: Incubation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Fungal Detection Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic methods for detecting fungal pathogens on vegetable seeds

2016

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“…Due to the potential for off‐season survival of species of Colletotrichum that infect soybean, and the long‐distance dissemination of the pathogen by seeds (Yang & Hartman, 2016), the management of soybean anthracnose should start with sowing disease‐free seeds (Pellegrino et al., 2010) and practising crop rotation. In most cases, seeds are symptomless; however, even low percentages of infection may lead to severe crop losses (Ciampi‐Guillardi et al., 2020; Pellegrino et al., 2010). To prevent the disease, seeds can be treated with systemic fungicides such as carboxanilide, dimethyldithiocarbamate, benzimidazoles, or triazoles (AGROFIT, 2020).…”

Section: Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species: Current status and future prospects

Boufleur

Ciampi‐Guillardi

Tikami

et al. 2021

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important cultivated plants worldwide as a source of protein‐rich foods and animal feeds. Anthracnose, caused by different lineages of the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum, is one of the main limiting factors to soybean production. Losses due to anthracnose have been neglected, but their impact may threaten up to 50% of the grain production. Taxonomy While C. truncatum is considered the main species associated with soybean anthracnose, recently other species have been reported as pathogenic on this host. Until now, it has not been clear whether the association of new Colletotrichum species with the disease is related to emerging species or whether it is due to the undergoing changes in the taxonomy of the genus. Disease symptoms Typical anthracnose symptoms are pre‐ and postemergence damping‐off; dark, depressed, and irregular spots on cotyledons, stems, petioles, and pods; and necrotic laminar veins on leaves that can result in premature defoliation. Symptoms may evolve to pod rot, immature opening of pods, and premature germination of grains. Challenges As accurate species identification of the causal agent is decisive for disease control and prevention, in this work we review the taxonomic designation of Colletotrichum isolated from soybean to understand which lineages are pathogenic on this host. We also present a comprehensive literature review of soybean anthracnose, focusing on distribution, symptomatology, epidemiology, disease management, identification, and diagnosis. We consider the knowledge emerging from population studies and comparative genomics of Colletotrichum spp. associated with soybean providing future perspectives in the identification of molecular factors involved in the pathogenicity process. Useful website Updates on Colletotrichum can be found at http://www.colletotrichum.org/. All available Colletotrichum genomes on GenBank can be viewed at http://www.colletotrichum.org/genomics/.

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“…Since the conventional pathogen detection techniques may lack the sensitivity required to detect seed-borne pathogens, the detection treshold of P. cucumerina in rocket seeds could be increased by using molecular techniques, such as PCR and RAPD as already shown in the case of Fusarium wilt of basil (Chiocchetti et al, 2001), lettuce (Pasquali et al, 2007;Mbofung and Pryor, 2010) and other vegetables (Lievens et al, 2012) and in the case of Phoma valerianellae in lamb's lettuce seeds (Pellegrino et al, 2010). Interestingly, it should be noticed that PCR and Real-Time PCR methods have been already developed for the detection and quantification of P. cucumerina, when used as biocontrol agent of potato cyst nematodes (Globodera spp.)…”

Section: Tenuifoliamentioning

confidence: 99%