Determinants of cardiovascular disease and sequential decision-making for treatment among women: A Heckman’s approach

Hyperlipidemia represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases leading to myocardial injury. The present study aimed to illustrate the myocardial injury induced in a diabetic hyperlipidemic rat model and the effect of vitamin D3, 10-DHGD intake either individually or in combination form. Male albino rats were selected for the study, received alloxan, hypercholesterolemic diet, and categorized into four groups. The first one (DHC), received hypercholesterolemic diet only and referred to as control. The remaining groups (2, 3, 4) received vitamin D3, 10-DHGD, and combination of both, respectively. Certain biomarkers that were selected for MI evaluation included blood glucose, lipogram pattern, Copeptin, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, heart fatty acid-binding protein, and histopathological changes in myocardium and aorta. Vitamin D3 and 10-DHGD intake induced significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic effects, decreased inflammation, and MI biomarkers. Decreased myocardial vacuoles, foam cells, and intimal lesions were also observed compared to DHC. Their combination intake induced more marked reduction in all biomarkers and showed a histopathological pattern similar to normal features of myocardium and aorta. Our findings suggest the therapeutic roles of vitamin D3, 10-DHGD, and their combination against myocardial injury in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats. Impact statement Hyperlipidemia represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases leading to myocardial injury (MI). The present study aimed to illustrate the pattern of myocardial injury induced in diabetic hyperlipidemic rat model and the effect of vitamin D3, 10-dehydrogingerdione (10-DHGD) intake either individually or in combination form.

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“…2 Other risk factors contributing to CVD are many such as obesity, hypertension, smoking, and lack of exercise. 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early myocardial injury biomarkers in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats: Impact of 10-dehydrogingerdione and vitamin D3

Elseweidy

Aly

Hammad

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…Further, lack of family support, caregivers, and social services creates the mismanagement of treatment among the elderly (9,13,32). That produces vast disparities in oral health status and healthcare-seeking behaviour across rural-urban (6,8,12,14,17). The living arrangement of the elderly has also made an in uence on oral and dental health conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Matters- Tooth Problem and its Treatment-seeking Behaviour Among Older Adults in India

Srivastava¹,

Kumar²,

Sinha³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Growing untreated morbidities among the older adults on geriatric issues especially an optimal dental treatment has become an unfinished agenda and a long-neglected area for care and management in many low and middle-income countries. There is a continuous rise in the older population in India and at the same time, the rising of co-morbidities or multi-morbidities in the aging population creates catastrophic challenges at the individuals, household, community, and country levels, and therefore, it is important to address dental health problems and related issues in the aged population in India. The study aims to understand the prevalence of dental health problems and their health-seeking behaviour among older adults in India. Further, the study determines the factors associated with low access and under-coverage of dental health care services among the elderly populations in IndiaMethods: The present research used data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI) which was a national level survey and was conducted in 2011, across seven states of India. The effective sample size of this study was 9541 older adults aged 60+ years. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used to fulfill the study objectives. Additionally, the study employed the Heckprobit selection model which is a two-equation model to understand the determinants of dental health problems.Results: Older adults in the age group of 70-79 years (36.9%) and 80+ years (51.9%) reported higher dental problems compared to 60-69 years (19.9%), older women reported more dental problems (29.2%) and also used more dental aids (12.6%) compared to older men. Older adults in the age group 70-79 and 80+ years were 0.15 times and 0.40 times less likely to use dental aids respectively, as compared to 60-69 years older adults. Moreover, older women were 0.28 times more likely to use dental aids than older men. Education and wealth of older adults have a negative relationship with dental problems.Conclusion: This study clearly emphasized that awareness of smoking-related health problems should be promoted vigorously. Further, a holistic approach is needed to prevent dental diseases that occur because of other co-morbidities. For that, integration of the oral health program with programs dealing with morbidities can act as a solution to the existing problem.

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“…Genetics, gender, ethnicity, lifestyle, and socioeconomical position contribute to outline cardiovascular health from a prenatal period of life. Diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and unhealthy diets are major risk factors [2]. Genes on sex chromosomes can influence the genes in autosomes and sex steroids testosterone and estrogen; variations of androgen receptor, whose locus is on chromosome X, determine sex differences in cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients

et al. 2020

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Gender differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed worldwide. In this study, plasmatic levels of trimethylamine (TMA) and blood oxidative biomarkers have been evaluated in 358 men (89 controls and 269 CVD patients) and 189 women (64 control and 125 CVD patients). The fluorescence technique was applied to determine erythrocyte membrane fluidity using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and Laurdan, while lipid hydroperoxides were assessed by diphenyl−1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP). Results show that levels of plasmatic TMA were higher in healthy men with respect to healthy women (p = 0.0001). Significantly lower TMA was observed in male CVD patients (0.609 ± 0.104 μM) compared to healthy male controls (0.680 ± 0.118 μM) (p < 0.001), while higher levels of TMA were measured in female CVD patients (0.595 ± 0.115 μM) with respect to female controls (0.529 ± 0.073 μM) (p < 0.001). DPPP was significantly higher in healthy control men than in women (p < 0.001). Male CVD patients displayed a lower value of DPPP (2777 ± 1924) compared to healthy controls (5528 ± 2222) (p < 0.001), while no significant changes were measured in females with or without CVD (p > 0.05). Membrane fluidity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the hydrophobic bilayer only in control male subjects. In conclusion, gender differences were observed in blood oxidative biomarkers, and DPPP value might be suggested as a biomarker predictive of CVD only in men.

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Determinants of cardiovascular disease and sequential decision-making for treatment among women: A Heckman’s approach

Cited by 42 publications

References 20 publications

Early myocardial injury biomarkers in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats: Impact of 10-dehydrogingerdione and vitamin D3

Early myocardial injury biomarkers in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats: Impact of 10-dehydrogingerdione and vitamin D3

Oral Health Matters- Tooth Problem and its Treatment-seeking Behaviour Among Older Adults in India

Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients

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