Determinants of Parental Compliance with Routine Childhood Immunization Schedule in Nassarawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Vaccine preventable diseases are major causes of child mortality which could have been prevented by routine immunization. Many children are not completely immunized due to non-compliance by their parents.Aim: This study explored the determinants of parental compliance with routine childhood immunization schedule in Nassarawa state, Nigeria.Methodology: An explanatory mixed method design was used in which 387 parents of children aged 12 to 23 months were recruited using multistage cluster sampling technique. A validated interviewer administered questionnaire (IAQ) was used to collect quantitative data. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guide was used to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data was analysed using frequency tables and multinomial regression while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis.Results: Findings showed that nearly 60.0% of the parents have low knowledge of routine immunization. Only one quarter (24.5%) of the surveyed children were completely immunized. Multinomial regression test showed that there was a significant association between the level of education of parents (β =0.815, P<0.05), number of children (β =-0.424, P<0.05) and parents knowledge of immunization (β =-3.735, P<0.05) with the completion of childhood immunization. The higher the values of the age and number of children delivered in a formal health care facility the higher the probability of them being completely immunized. Conclusion:The study concluded that level of education, knowledge of immunization by parents, attendance of antenatal clinics by mothers and delivery of the child in a health facility are the determinants of parental compliance with routine childhood immunization.

Investigating Factors Associated with Immunization Incompletion of Children Under Five in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria: Implication for Policy Dialogue

“…33,40 While Munthali 36 reported that location was significant Furthermore, in this study mothers' level of education, occupation, and wealth index were significant (P < .005). This is in line with the findings of Basheer et al, 5 Adefolalu et al, 41 Konwea et al, 30 Antai, 42 Noh et al, 21 Al-lela et al, 26 Yunusa et al, 39 Bbaale, 43 Gidado et al, 44 Tagbo et al, 38 Canavan et al, 45 Feiring et al, 46 Maina et al 47 Contrastingly, the study of Bbaale, 43 did not indicate any association between the higher income of parents/caregivers and the completion of immunization schedules while Ramavhoya et al 48 and Etana and Deressa, 13 reported not significant in level of education. The difficult terrain of our study area made the work to take extra days.…”

“…At variance Basheer et al, 5 Rahman and Obaida-Nasrin, 33 Awasthi et al, 40 Adefolalu et al 41 found age to be significant. Also, Yunusa et al 39 opined that there was a significant association between the number of children and the completion of immunization. Also other studies found that parity is a very important determinant of immunization schedule completion.…”

“…The findings of this study are in line with the findings of Noh et al, 21 Al-lela et al, 26 Abdullahi, 34 De Oliveira et al 35 However, the findings from this study are in complete contrast to other findings from a study in rural Bangladesh which found that sex discrimination plays an important role in immunization coverage, with male children more likely to be fully immunized than their females' counterparts and mothers having received TT injection were also found to be one of the significant predictors of full immunization coverage for children. 33,34,36 Odiit and Amuge, 37 Tagbo et al, 38 Yunusa et al 39 reported that delivery in a health facility is a determinant of parental compliance with routine childhood immunization. Mothers age, marital status, location, parity, and number of children in the household were not significant (P > .05) with factors affecting immunization.…”

Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Ibu dalam Mendapatkan Imunisasi Dasar pada Bayi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

“…Satu orang partisipan dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa masih belum mengerti dan tahu apa itu imunisasi serta tujuan dari imunisasi dasar itu sendiri. Partisipan tersebut terlihat bingung saat diberi pertanyaan tersebut, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor pengetahuan ibu mengenai imunisasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayinya (Yunusa, et al, 2017).…”

“…Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Yunusa, et al (2017) ketidakpatuhan ibu dalam pemberian imunisasi dasar dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, tingkat pendidikan ibu persepsi penerimaan ibu, dan hambatan yang dirasakan ibu. Respon ibu yang teridentifikasi dalam penelitian ini sesuai dengan respon negatif pada ibu yang merasa khawatir dengan kondisi kesehatan bayi nya.…”