Determinants of residential water consumption: Evidence and analysis from a 10‐country household survey

Grafton, R. Quentin; Ward, Michael B.; To, Hang; Kompas, Tom

doi:10.1029/2010wr009685

Cited by 216 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Mandates, such as water budgets or water use restrictions, can be difficult to enforce. Water pricing does have an effect on demand [Grafton et al, 2011]; however, researchers also have pointed to problems with pricing policies such as the relative inelasticity of demand for water [Olmstead and Stavins, 2009] and the need to overcome negative effects of pricing increases on low-income households [Rogers et al, 2002].…”

Section: 1002/2015wr016943mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water conservation and hydrological transitions in cities in the United States

Hornberger

Hess

Gilligan

2015

Water Resources Research

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Cities across the world have had to diversify and expand their water supply systems in response to demand growth, groundwater depletion and pollution, and instability and inadequacy of regional surface freshwater sources. In the U.S., these problems plague not only the arid Western cities but increasingly also cities in the Eastern portions of the country. Although cities continue to seek out new sources of water via Promethean projects of long-distance supply systems, desalinization plants, and the recharge of aquifers with surface water, they also pursue water conservation because of its low cost and other benefits. We examine water conservation as a complex sociotechnical system comprising interactions of political, sociodemographic, economic, and hydroclimatological factors. We provide quantitative data on the factors that affect more and less advanced transitions in water conservation regimes, and we show that water stress and other hydrological data can only partially predict the transition. We also provide qualitative case studies to identify institutional and political barriers to more advanced water conservation regimes. This interdisciplinary, mixed methods approach typifies the need for knowledge that informs hydrologists about how their research may or may not be adopted by decision-makers.

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Section: 1002/2015wr016943mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water conservation and hydrological transitions in cities in the United States

Hornberger

Hess

Gilligan

2015

Water Resources Research

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“…In their study, water price, household size, the presence of wells, rainfall patterns were found to have negative impacts on water consumption, while water uses increase with income and age. Water price was widely used as an explanatory variable for water consumption, and particularly marginal water price usually has significant effects on reducing water consumption [32][33][34]. The variable, water price, is not considered in this study because it is only useful when comparing different geographical areas with different water prices.…”

Section: Residential Water Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responding to the Drought: A Spatial Statistical Approach to Investigating Residential Water Consumption in Fresno, California

Wang

Dong

2017

Sustainability

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Using data from the 2015 Residential Water Consumption Survey, this study examines residential water-use behavior and attitudes after the recent drought in Fresno, California. Spatial autoregressive models of residential water consumption were estimated, accounting for the effects of social interactions in communities (i.e., neighborhood effects), while controlling for indoor and outdoor house attributes, economic conditions, and attitudes toward water uses. The findings show that the spatial autocorrelations do exist. This suggests that the neighborhood effects can be a useful lever to facilitate initiatives aiming at promoting community engagement on water-saving practices. The results also indicate that a larger house tends to incur more water use, so does the presence of pools. Using a drip irrigation system for watering the backyard can help reduce water consumption. Medium income families turn out to use the least amount of water among different income groups, suggesting that water-saving policies may yield different results among residents of various income levels. Interestingly, respondents who considered themselves heavy water users actually used less water. This implies that the awareness of water importance can significantly influence residents' water-use behavior and therefore the promotion of a water-saving culture can help reduce residential water consumption.

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“…Households equipped with a higher level of plumbing system consume more water [9] and housing type is another determinant of residential water consumption [30]. Household income is also another factor [30,31] that is supposed to increase with time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Domestic Water Consumption in the Urban Area of the Kathmandu Valley: Situation Analysis Pre and Post 2015 Gorkha Earthquake

Shrestha

Aihara

Bhattarai³

et al. 2017

Water

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Information regarding domestic water consumption is vital, as the Kathmandu Valley will soon be implementing the Melamchi Water Supply Project; however, updated information on the current situation after the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake (GEQ) is still lacking. We investigated the dynamics of domestic water consumption pre-and post-GEQ. The piped water supply was short, and consumption varied widely across the Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited (KUKL) branches and altitude. The reduction in piped, ground, and jar water consumption and the increase in tanker water consumption post-GEQ appeared to be due to the impact of the GEQ. However, the impact did not appear to be prominent on per capita water consumption, although it was reduced from 117 to 99 L post-GEQ. Piped, ground, and tanker water use were associated with an increase and jar water use was associated with a decrease in water consumption. Despite improvements in quantity, inequality in water consumption and inequity in affordability across wealth status was well established. This study suggests to KUKL the areas of priority where improvements to supply are required, and recommends an emphasis on resuming performance. Policy planners should consider the existing inequity in affordability, which is a major issue in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

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Determinants of residential water consumption: Evidence and analysis from a 10‐country household survey

Cited by 216 publications

References 39 publications

Water conservation and hydrological transitions in cities in the United States

Water conservation and hydrological transitions in cities in the United States

Responding to the Drought: A Spatial Statistical Approach to Investigating Residential Water Consumption in Fresno, California

Dynamics of Domestic Water Consumption in the Urban Area of the Kathmandu Valley: Situation Analysis Pre and Post 2015 Gorkha Earthquake

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