Determination of BPA, BPB, BPF, BADGE and BFDGE in canned energy drinks by molecularly imprinted polymer cleaning up and UPLC with fluorescence detection

Are Canned Beverages Industries Progressively Switching to Bisphenol AF?

“…(2010) performed a survey on soft and energy drinks, colas, beers, and juices founding concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 8,100 ng/L, while Fasano et al (2015) found BPA at detectable levels (LOD is equal to 0.18 ng/mL and LOQ is equal to 0.54 ng/mL, respectively) in 57% of the carbonated beverages and 50% of the noncarbonated beverages in 71 Italian variously packaged beverages, but not including beers. Gallo et al (2017) found energy drinks contaminated by BPA at levels ranging from 0.50 to 3.3 ng/mL, or by BADGE up to 19.4 ng/mL. These values are comparable to those reported in three studies performed in Spain in (Cacho, Campillo, Vinas, & Hernandez-Cordoba, 2012Gallart-Ayala et al, 2011).…”

“…Gallo et al. () found energy drinks contaminated by BPA at levels ranging from 0.50 to 3.3 ng/mL, or by BADGE up to 19.4 ng/mL. These values are comparable to those reported in three studies performed in Spain in 2011 and 2012 (Cacho, Campillo, Vinas, & Hernandez‐Cordoba, ; Gallart‐Ayala et al., ).…”

An efficient biosorption‐based dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction with extractant removal by magnetic nanoparticles for quantification of bisphenol A in water samples by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry detection

“…Also, BPA can cause adverse reproductive effects, metabolic disorder, and hormone-dependent cancers in humans [8]. Given the adverse effects and toxicity of BPA, in 2015, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published a re-evaluation of BPA exposure from diet and other sources, lowering the "tolerable daily intake" (TDI) of BPA from 50 µg/kg of body weight/day (µg/kg of bw/day) to 4 µg/kg of bw/day, assessing that, on the basis of collected data, the exposure risk to consumers is low [9,10]. The growing concern on BPA globally also highlights the importance of developing accurate, sensitive and reliable analytical approaches to detect minute BPA levels in a variety of matrices including environmental, food, and biological matrices.…”

Fluorescence polarization assay for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A, bisphenol F and their diglycidyl ethers in canned tuna

“…They work as monomers in the manufacture of epoxy resins and polycarbonates, as antioxidant in some plasticizers, and as an inhibitor of polymerization of vinyl chloride in the production of soft PVC. [2] Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) are, respectively, generated by the reaction of BPF and BPA with epichlorohydrin. [3] Both of them are used as starting substances for the protective coatings of food cans and as additives in PVC organosol resins in order to remove excess hydrochloric acid during reaction.…”

“…In order to determine traces of analytes in complex matrices, highly selective spectroscopic and immunoassay methods have already been applied to actual sample analysis. Traditional methods for BPs residue analysis, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, [6,8,9] ultra-performance liquid chromatography, [2] liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, [10] LC-MS/MS, [11] and ELISA, [7,12,13] are sensitive and reliable. Besides, electrochemical approaches based on various shapes of nanomaterial and composite materials for quantification and monitoring of BPs have also garnered more and more attention.…”