Determination of chlorophenols in water samples using simultaneous dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization followed by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection

Fattahi, Nazir; Assadi, Yaghoub; Hosseini, M. Reza; Jahromi, Elham Zeini

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.062

Cited by 354 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These values were mostly below the existing concentrations in available studies of human exposure [13,14,19]. The LODs were comparable to those obtained by LC-MS/MS [4], GC-MS or GC-FID/ECD [13,41,42] analysis. The good sensitivity was attributed to large volume injection and the online SPE procedure.…”

Section: Quality Control and Performance Of Methodssupporting

confidence: 55%

Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection

Guo

Liu

Shi

et al. 2014

Talanta

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a b s t r a c tA novel method for determining eight chlorophenols (CPs) by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction high performance liquid chromatography in urine samples was developed. An aliquot of 1.0 mL urine sample could be analyzed directly after centrifugation. The analytes were preconcentrated online on a Turboflow C18-P SPE column, eluted in back-flush mode, and then separated on an Acclaim PA2 analytical column. Major parameters such as SPE column type, sample loading flow rate and elution time were optimized in detail. Eight CPs from monochlorophenol to pentacholophenol were measured by multiple-wavelength UV detection at four different wavelengths. The limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.5 and 2 ng/mL. The linearity range was from the limit of quantification to 1000 ng/mL for each compound, with the coefficients of determination (r 2 ) ranging from 0.9990 to 0.9996. The reproducibility of intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 0.6% to 4.5% (n ¼5). The method was successfully applied to analyze eight CPs in urine samples. Good recoveries, ranging from 76.3% to 122.9%, were obtained. This simple, sensitive and accurate method provides an alternative way to rapidly analyze and monitor CPs in urine samples, especially for matters of occupational exposure.

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Section: Quality Control and Performance Of Methodssupporting

confidence: 55%

Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection

Guo

Liu

Shi

et al. 2014

Talanta

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“…It is attracting more and more people's attention due to its superior advantages of high enrichment factor, high recovery, low cost, rapidity and easy operation. Up to now, this method has been widely applied in analyzing the organophosphorus pesticides [20], chlorophenols [21], and polychlorinated biphenyls [22]. In addition, its application has been extended to trace elemental analysis in environmental water samples [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in aquatic animal tissue using cleanup by freezing‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with GC‐MS

Liu

Huang

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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A method for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aquatic animal tissue was developed, and it is based on cleanup by freezing-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the pretreatment of samples with fat content. Aquatic animal tissue homogenate was extracted with acetone, and then frozen in a freezer at À801C. Fat in aquatic animal tissue was isolated from the analytes, i.e. PBDE congeners dissolved in acetone and fat formed floccules at low temperature. The supernatant was extracted using the DLLME technique. Under the optimum DLLME conditions, 0.75 mL supernatant with 33 mL chlorobenzene was added into 5.0 mL pure water, and subsequently cloudy solution was formed. After centrifuging, 1.0 mL lower phase was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Recovery test was performed at fortified concentrations of 5.0-2500 mg/kg. The detection results showed that the recoveries for each target analyte ranged from 75.3 to 127.8%. The repeatability of the proposed method by spiking aquatic animal samples at 10 mg/kg for PBDEs, expressed as RSD, n 5 5, varied between 4.3 and 10.3% (n 5 5). LOD of the proposed method for aquatic animal tissue samples were between 2.4 and 4.9 mg/kg for all the analytes.

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“…In 2006, Assadi and his coworkers reported a new liquid-liquid microextraction technique termed as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [16,17]. Because of its less organic solvent consuming and enrichment factors, this method is suitable for the quantification of trace OPPs in complex matrices [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of dispersive liquid—liquid microextraction for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) juice samples

Ren

Xia

2016

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography equipped with flame photometric detection (GC-FPD) is introduced to extract and determine the fifteen organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) juice samples. Some parameters affecting the DLLME efficiency, such as the type and volume of extraction and dispersive solvents, extraction time, and salt concentration, were studied and optimized. The optimized extraction and dispersive solvents are trichloroethane and acetonitrile, respectively. Good linearity was ranged from 0.5 to 100 ng mL −1 with correlation coefficients from 0.9991 to 0.9999. The limits of quantification (LOQs) varied from 0.15 to 0.3 ng mL −1 , and the limits of detections (LODs) ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 ng mL −1 . The relative standard deviations (RSDs) varied from 1.0% to 2.8% (n = 6) with the relative recoveries in the range of 85.6-119.1%. The method was successfully applied in the determination of OPPs in ten commercial hawthorn juice samples. The chlorpyrifos was detected in one sample.

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Determination of chlorophenols in water samples using simultaneous dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization followed by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection

Cited by 354 publications

References 37 publications

Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection

Direct analysis of eight chlorophenols in urine by large volume injection online turbulent flow solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection

Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in aquatic animal tissue using cleanup by freezing‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with GC‐MS

Application of dispersive liquid—liquid microextraction for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) juice samples

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