Determination of clenbuterol residues in bovine liver, urine, and eye by enzyme immunoassay

Determination of clenbuterol in porcine tissues using solid-phase extraction combined with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and HPLC–UV detection

“…As a consequence, CLB has been extensively used as a growth promoter in feeds for farm animals to improve its lean meat yield [4]. However, its long term or high dose use had been associated with serious side effects [5,6] and acute toxic responses [7]. So CLB was prohibited to use as growth promoter for livestock in the European Union (EU), China and many other countries [8].…”

Observations on the effects of long-term withdrawal on carcass composition and residue concentrations in clenbuterol-medicated cattle

“…More recently analysis of retinal extracts has been shown to extend the detection of administration after withdrawal to at least 50 days (Meyer and Rinke, 1991;Elliott et al, 1993c;Sauer et al, 1993).…”

Preparation of molecular imprinted film based on chitosan/nafion/nano-silver/poly quercetin for clenbuterol sensing

“…CLB is a moderate accumulation drug mainly existing in the liver, fur and retina of animal; it can result in human food poisoning ultimately including muscle tremor, tachycardia, palpitation and dizziness (Crescenzi, Bayoudh, Cormack, Klein, & Ensing, 2001;Hooijerink, Schilt, Haasnoot, & Courtheijn, 1991;Jimenez-Carmona, Tena, & Luque de Castro, 1995;Meyer, Rinke, & Dürsch, 1991;Smith, 1998). The use of CLB in growth promoter has been forbidden in the world (Sauer, Pickett, & MacKenzie, 1993), but it is still existent due to some illegal peddlers searching economic benefits. Hence the detection of CLB is significant in terms of the human food safety.…”