Determination of fluoxetine in the presence of photodegradation products appearing during UVA irradiation in a solid phase by chromatographic-densitometric method, kinetics and identification of photoproducts

Maślanka, Anna; Hubicka, Urszula; Krzek, Jan; Walczak, Maria; Izworski, G.

doi:10.1556/achrom.25.2013.3.5

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“… Fluoxetine SS; MetOH; Water; HCl; NaOH N/A HPLC None 2 detected (Pathak and Rajput 2009 ) Solid state UV-C HPTLC None None (photostable) (Shah et al 2008 ) Water; SFW 290–800 nm Spectroph. HPLC IC HPLC–MS/MS None 4 identified (Lam et al 2005 ) SS UV-A HPLC–MS None 2 identified (Maalanka et al 2013 ) Water + Ga 2 O 3 UV-C IC UV–VIS Ames Test 2 photoproducts (defluorination and oxidation) (Hidaka et al 2013 ) Water + TiO 2 UV–VIS Spectroph. None None (da Silva et al 2015 ) Water; O 3 ; TiO 2 ; H 2 O 2 Hg lamp (360 nm) HPLC–MS None 4 identified (Méndez-Arriaga et al 2011 ) Fluvoxamine Water + Ga 2 O 3 UV-C IC UV–VIS None 1 (product of defluorination) (Hidaka et al 2013 ) Aqueous buffers; SHW UV sunlight simulation Spectroph.…”

Section: Photodegradation Studies On Psychotropic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on photodegradation process of psychotropic drugs: a review

Trawiński

Skibiński

2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

109

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Consumption of psychotropic drugs is still increasing, especially in high-income countries. One of the most crucial consequences of this fact is significant release of them to the environment. Considerable amounts of atypical antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and their metabolites were detected in river, lake, and sea water, as well as in tissues of aquatic organisms. Their ecotoxicity was proved by numerous studies. It should be noticed that interaction between psychotropic pharmaceuticals and radiation may lead to formation of potentially more toxic intermediates. On the other hand, photo-assisted wastewater treatment methods can be used as an efficient way to eliminate them from the environment. Many methods based on photolysis and photocatalysis were proposed and developed recently; nevertheless, the problem is still unsolved. However, according to recent studies, photocatalysis could be considered as the most promising and far more effective than regular photolysis. An overview on photolytic as well as homogenous and heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation methods with the use of various catalysts is presented. The photostability and phototoxicity of pharmaceuticals were also discussed. Various analytical methods were used for the photodegradation research, and this issue was also compared and summarized. Use of high-resolution multistage mass spectrometry (Q-TOF, ion trap, Orbitrap) was suggested. The combined techniques such as LC–MS, GC–MS, and LC–NMR, which enable qualitative and quantitative analyses in one run, proved to be the most valuable in this case. Assembling of MS/MS spectra libraries of drug molecules and their phototransformation products was identified as the future challenge.

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Section: Photodegradation Studies On Psychotropic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on photodegradation process of psychotropic drugs: a review

Trawiński

Skibiński

2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

109

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“…The analytical methods used to estimate Fluoxetine are the subject of comprehensive research. As a single and multi-component, UV Spectrophotometry [6][7][8], High Performance Liquid Chromatography [9][10][11][12][13][14], High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], the approach is inefficient since this described HPTLC technique only uses one variable at a time. It produces misleading findings that should be avoided.…”

Section: İd İd İdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Analytical quality by design approach stability-indicating HPTLC technique for the quantitative evaluation of fluoxetine

PERUMAL¹,

KRISHNAN²,

K.S³

2023

jrp

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A design of experiments (DoE)-based quality by design (QbD) method was used to develop a stabilityindexing assay method in high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) for the kinetic study of fluoxetine. This research proposes to use an environmentally friendly HPTLC technique based on Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) to determine environmental friendliness. According to the literature, there is currently no published article on this method. A stationary phase consisting of TLC plates (Merck) pre-coated with silica gel 60F254 on aluminum sheets was used. A mobile phase of acetone: water with 1% orthophosphoric acid (8.5:1.5 v/v) was used. Central Composite Design (CCD) provides the opportunity to optimize the HPTLC separation and determine the parameters that have the greatest influence and those that have interactions. 20 optimized experimental runs were performed, including organic solvent content (A), saturation time (B), and driving distance (C). These 3 factors were evaluated for robustness, showing an insignificant effect on retention. The Rf value was 0.72±0.07, and the calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.3-5 mcg/point with regression coefficients r2 of 0.9987 for fluoxetine HCl. In the intraday and interday precision study, the percent RSD was 0.26 and 0.28, respectively. Fluoxetine was found to be highly susceptible to alkaline and acid hydrolysis compared to oxidation. All system suitability parameters were validated and were within the range specified in ICH guidelines. The novel method was also evaluated using four different approaches, including other evaluation methods: NEMI, GAPI, AGMS, AGREE, and it was found to be environmentally friendly.

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