Determination of Oxyalkylene Groups... In Glycols and Glycol and Polyglycol Ethers and Esters

Siggia, Sidney.; Starke, A. C.; Garis, J. J.; Stahl, C. R.

doi:10.1021/ac60133a034

Cited by 63 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Morgan (1946), using a modified alkoxyl apparatus, decomposed the ethylene oxide residue to ethylene iodide and ethylene with constant boiling hydriodic acid. The latter method has been developed by Siggia, Starke, Garis & Stahl(1958), who refluxed the polyoxyethylene adduct with excess hydriodic acid under an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, and titrated the liberated iodine with sodium thiosulphate. This reaction has the advantage over the other chemical methods that it is an absolute method ; no standard curve need be prepared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physical chemistry of some non-ionic detergents

Elworthy

Macfarlane

1965

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physical chemistry of some non-ionic detergents

Elworthy

Macfarlane

1965

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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“…To determine the average number of carbons in the precursor n-alcohol, divide the area of Region 2 by 2 for the two protons in the methylene. Add two carbon atoms for the terminal methyl and the a carbon: average carbon chainlength of precursor ROH --[(Region 2}/2] + 2 [1] To calculate the average molecular weight (MW) of the nalcohol, divide Region 2 by 2 for the two protons in the methylene. Multiply by 14, the MW of a methylene unit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of ethylene oxide content inn‐Alcohol ethoxylates by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Hammond¹,

Kubik²

1994

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Proton Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data were collected on n-alcohol ethoxylates and used to calculate the percent ethylene oxide (EO) content of the n-alcohol ethoxylate without an internal or external standard. The accuracy and precision of the method were determined from ten repetitive analyses of hexaethylene glycol mono n-dodecyl ether. The standard deviation was 0.23 wt% EO with a relative standard deviation of 0.40%. The method had a relative error of +0.55% and an absolute error of +0.32% EO.KEY WORDS: Ethylene oxide, n-alcohol ethoxylatc analysis, NMR.

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“…Finally, amphipathic lignin derivatives were lyophilized to remove the remaining water. PEG contents of PEGDE-, EPEG-, and DAEO-AL were 61.2, 72.3, and 68.4%, respectively, and were determined by the modified Morgan method (Homma et al 2008;Siggia et al 1958;Morgan 1946).…”

Section: Amphipathic Lignin Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Enzymatic Saccharification of Unbleached Cedar Pulp with Amphipathic Lignin Derivatives

Winarni¹,

Oikawa²,

Yamada³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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Synthesized amphipathic lignin derivatives comprised of acidic acid lignin (AL) with poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE), ethoxy-(2-hydroxy)-propoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) glycidyl ether (EPEG) or dodecyloxy-poly(ethylene glycol) glycidyl ether (DAEO) were added before the enzymatic saccharification of unbleached cedar pulp along with two commercially available cellulases, Meicelase and Genencor GC220. At the same filter paper unit (FPU) dosage, GC220 showed higher sugar yield than Meicelase. The difference was attributed to the composition of processive and non-processive endoglucanase activities per FPU; GC220 had higher such activities than Meicelase. The sugar yield was significantly improved by the addition of the lignin derivatives. In addition, residual activities after the saccharification were maintained at the higher level by their addition than with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000. In particular, EPEG-AL yielded the complete recovery of cellulase activity when using 20 FPU/g of substrate. It was found that the lignin derivatives were directly associated with Cel6A, one of cellulase components, whereas PEG 4000 was not. Thus, it is evident that the lignin derivatives are promising agents to improve the enzymatic saccharification of cellulase.

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Determination of Oxyalkylene Groups... In Glycols and Glycol and Polyglycol Ethers and Esters

Cited by 63 publications

References 2 publications

The physical chemistry of some non-ionic detergents

The physical chemistry of some non-ionic detergents

Determination of ethylene oxide content inn‐Alcohol ethoxylates by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Improvement of Enzymatic Saccharification of Unbleached Cedar Pulp with Amphipathic Lignin Derivatives

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