Abstract:A method for the determination of sucralose in various foods by RI-HPLC and ion chromatography with a pulsed amperometric detector (PAD-IC) was developed.Chopped or homogenized samples were packed into cellulose tubing with 0.01 mol/L hydrochloric acid containing 10ΐ sodium chloride and were dialyzed against 0.01 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 24 hours. The dialyzate was passed through a Bond Elut ENV cartridge, and the cartridge was washed with 0.2 mol/L NaOH and water. Sucralose was eluted from the cartridge wi… Show more
“…However, their reported concentrations of sucralose in surface waters were mostly below their limit of detection (200 ng/L), which is higher than currently used methods, including the one used in this study. Sucralose has all the characteristics of an excellent wastewater tracer: it is highly soluble, not naturally produced, slowly degradable, produced and discharged in high concentrations, and able to be detected at low concentrations (Kobayashi et al, 2001;Heinz et al, 2008;Qiu et al, 2008). Therefore, our research suggests that sucralose can be utilized as a tracer to monitor impact of wastewater in the environment.…”
Sucralose, a chlorinated carbohydrate, is used as an artificial sweetener in more than 80 countries and in excess of 4,000 products. Thus far, minimal research has been done on the degradation and fate of sucralose in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We collected samples from WWTPs and surface waters in Arizona, United States. The average sucralose concentration of seven WWTP effluents was 2,800 ± 1,000 ng/L. Similarly, surface waters in Arizona contained sucralose at concentrations up to 300 ± 30 ng/L, which corroborates sucralose discharge from WWTPs into the environment. Biological degradation and chemical oxidation processes were evaluated to remove or transform sucralose under potential WWTP operation scenarios. Sucralose did not degrade in aerobic or anaerobic biological reactors, either metabolically or co-metabolically (in the presence of sucrose), after 42-62 days of experiments. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation did not oxidize sucralose significantly, and chlorine and ozone addition led only to slow sucralose oxidation. Sucralose is not expected to degrade by free chlorine or ozone under typical WWTP operational conditions. Our results suggest that no significant sucralose degradation occurs in WWTPs, that it is present in their effluent waters, and that it reaches environmental water sources. We report for the first time the presence of sucralose in U.S. inland surface waters. Our measurements of sucralose concentrations in WWTP effluents and surface waters also confirm the low degradability of sucralose.
“…However, their reported concentrations of sucralose in surface waters were mostly below their limit of detection (200 ng/L), which is higher than currently used methods, including the one used in this study. Sucralose has all the characteristics of an excellent wastewater tracer: it is highly soluble, not naturally produced, slowly degradable, produced and discharged in high concentrations, and able to be detected at low concentrations (Kobayashi et al, 2001;Heinz et al, 2008;Qiu et al, 2008). Therefore, our research suggests that sucralose can be utilized as a tracer to monitor impact of wastewater in the environment.…”
Sucralose, a chlorinated carbohydrate, is used as an artificial sweetener in more than 80 countries and in excess of 4,000 products. Thus far, minimal research has been done on the degradation and fate of sucralose in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We collected samples from WWTPs and surface waters in Arizona, United States. The average sucralose concentration of seven WWTP effluents was 2,800 ± 1,000 ng/L. Similarly, surface waters in Arizona contained sucralose at concentrations up to 300 ± 30 ng/L, which corroborates sucralose discharge from WWTPs into the environment. Biological degradation and chemical oxidation processes were evaluated to remove or transform sucralose under potential WWTP operation scenarios. Sucralose did not degrade in aerobic or anaerobic biological reactors, either metabolically or co-metabolically (in the presence of sucrose), after 42-62 days of experiments. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation did not oxidize sucralose significantly, and chlorine and ozone addition led only to slow sucralose oxidation. Sucralose is not expected to degrade by free chlorine or ozone under typical WWTP operational conditions. Our results suggest that no significant sucralose degradation occurs in WWTPs, that it is present in their effluent waters, and that it reaches environmental water sources. We report for the first time the presence of sucralose in U.S. inland surface waters. Our measurements of sucralose concentrations in WWTP effluents and surface waters also confirm the low degradability of sucralose.
“…Run times of 10 min were routinely used for this method. The use of this column set and eluent condition reduced the run time for sucralose determinations from 15 min ( − ) using the CarboPac PA1 column set to 10 min. 1 Separation of sucralose (10 μM, 25 μL injection) using a CarboPac PA20 column set with 40 mM NaOH and 75 mM sodium acetate at 0.5 mL/min at 30 °C.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…High-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAE) is a technique capable of separating most carbohydrates and their analogues ( , ). For complex samples containing sucralose, such as foods and beverages, the high resolving power of HPAE and the specificity of PAD allow the determination of sucralose with little interference from other ingredients ( − ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We use a different anion-exchange column than that used in previously published HPAE-PAD methods to enable faster separations, and we demonstrate the use of a gradient method to simultaneously determine dextrose and sucralose. The previously published HPAE-PAD methods ( − ) for sucralose determinations used an older electrochemical program (triple-potential waveform). A newer waveform for carbohydrate detection developed by Rocklin et al ( , ) provides a greater long-term reproducibility of electrochemical response and is recommended by the instrument manufacturer.…”
Sucralose is a chlorinated carbohydrate nonnutritive sweetener of food and beverage products. The determination of sucralose in food and beverages is important to ensure consistency in product quality. Sucralose was determined in two commercial products without sample preparation using highperformance anion-exchange (HPAE) chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD). Sucralose was determined with a 10 min isocratic separation. To determine sucralose and other carbohydrates (e.g., dextrose) simultaneously, a gradient separation was developed. The linear range of electrochemical response extended over 3 orders of magnitude, from 0.01 (LOD) to 40 µM (16 µg/mL; 25 µL injection). High precision, high spike recovery, and method ruggedness were observed for both samples.
“…However, HPLC-PED is a less robust technique and requires greater expertise to gain satisfactory results. 5 In fact, following oral administration, published rates of urinary sucralose excretion approximate 2% over 24 h; 3,4 therefore the sensitivity of the HPLC-RI was quite adequate to quantify sucralose excretion following an oral test dose of 5 g (anticipated urinary concentration of the order of 50 mg/L, assuming a 24 h urine volume of 2000 mL).…”
The technique described represents a simple assay for urinary sucralose which performed with acceptable accuracy and precision and should facilitate the use of the triple sugar test in clinical research.
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