Determination of the design space of the HPLC analysis of water-soluble vitamins

Abstract

Analysis of water-soluble vitamins has been tremendously approached through the last decades. A multitude of HPLC methods have been reported with a variety of advantages/shortcomings, yet, the design space of HPLC analysis of these vitamins was not defined in any of these reports. As per the food and drug administration (FDA), implementing the quality by design approach for the analysis of commercially available mixtures is hypothesized to enhance the pharmaceutical industry via facilitating the process of analytical method development and approval. This work illustrates a multifactorial optimization of three measured plus seven calculated influential HPLC parameters on the analysis of a mixture containing seven common water-soluble vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12, C, PABA, and PP). These three measured parameters are gradient time, temperature, and ternary eluent composition (B1/B2) and the seven calculated parameters are flow rate, column length, column internal diameter, dwell volume, extracolumn volume, %B (start), and %B (end). The design is based on 12 experiments in which, examining of the multifactorial effects of these 3 + 7 parameters on the critical resolution and selectivity, was carried out by systematical variation of all these parameters simultaneously. The 12 basic runs were based on two different gradient time each at two different temperatures, repeated at three different ternary eluent compositions (methanol or acetonitrile or a mixture of both). Multidimensional robust regions of high critical R(s) were defined and graphically verified. The optimum method was selected based on the best resolution separation in the shortest run time for a synthetic mixture, followed by application on two pharmaceutical preparations available in the market. The predicted retention times of all peaks were found to be in good match with the virtual ones. In conclusion, the presented report offers an accurate determination of the design space for critical resolution in the analysis of water-soluble vitamins by HPLC, which would help the regulatory authorities to judge the validity of presented analytical methods for approval.

Harnessing QbD, Programming Languages, and Automation for Reproducible Biology

“…A framework for how this may be applied to biosciences research is presented in Figure 1. The majority of recent applications of QbD in biotechnology research are directed towards improvement of analytics [59][60][61][62].…”

Automated statistical experimental design approach for rapid separation of coenzyme Q10 and identification of its biotechnological process related impurities using UHPLC and UHPLC–APCI‐MS

“…DS can be generated by the simultaneous study of all chromatographic critical process parameters such as gradient time, column oven temperature, flow rate, pH of mobile phase, etc. by using Designs of Experiments (DoE) [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Finally, the in silico toxicity of the characterized impurities was predicted using TOPKAT (toxicity prediction by computer-assisted technology) and DEREK (deductive estimate of risk from existing knowledge) software [35][36][37].…”

Chromatographic elution process design space development for the purification of saponins in Panax notoginseng extract using a probability‐based approach

“…There are usually multiple CQAs in a process. Overlapping mean response method is commonly used in design space development . However, such method does not take into account the model uncertainty, as it cannot provide any indication about how well and how often the process can meet the specifications of CQAs .…”