Devaluing domains in response to threatening intergroup comparisons: Perceived legitimacy and the status value asymmetry.

Schmader, Toni; Major, Brenda; Eccleston, Collette P.; McCoy, Shannon K.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.782

Cited by 94 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although there has already been some evidence that domains in which low-status groups excel are normally devalued and regarded as providing little utility for gaining status relevant rewards (e.g., Schmader et al, 2001), our argument goes further by positing that…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…As a consequence, abilities, skills, or domains in which higher status groups excel are valued, whereas domains in which lower status groups outperform their higher status counterparts are devalued and regarded as having little or no utility in gaining status-relevant rewards (e.g., Schmader, Major, Eccleston, & McCoy, 2001). A consequence of this would be that failure in domains with little utility would be less likely to elicit negative evaluations than failure in high utility domains.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that high-status domains are more highly valued than low status domains in society (e.g., Ridgeway, 1991;Schmader et al, 2001), low-status targets are better off if they succeed in high-status domains rather than low-status domains. However, in line with predictions, our experiments showed that low-status targets did not profit from individual failure as easily as high-status targets.…”

Section: Low-status Targets and Predicted Occupational Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Failure as an asset for high-status persons – Relative group performance and attributed occupational success

Reinhard

Stahlberg

Messner

2008

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low-status Targets and Predicted Occupational Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Failure as an asset for high-status persons – Relative group performance and attributed occupational success

Reinhard

Stahlberg

Messner

2008

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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“…In this way it was conveyed that the scores of all group members present (including themselves) reflected the intergroup performance difference that was supposedly found in other studies. Personal performance feedback prevented participants from protecting their self-esteem by distancing themselves from low ingroup performance by estimating their personal performance to be higher than the group's performance (Schmader, Major, Eccleston, & McCoy, 2001). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social creativity strikes back: improving motivated performance of low status group members by valuing ingroup dimensions

Derks

Laar

Ellemers

2007

Euro J Social Psych

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Motivation of stigmatized group members to perform on status-relevant 'outgroup' dimensions can be impaired after ingroup failure. Three experiments examined whether social creativity by valuing ingroup dimensions (dimensions on which an ingroup outperforms an outgroup) can increase motivation and performance on outgroup dimensions. It was hypothesized that under high social identity threat, motivation on the outgroup dimension would benefit from valuing an ingroup dimension. Experiments 1 and 2 show that when social identity threat is increased, low status group members who personally value ingroup dimensions show higher motivation to perform on the outgroup dimension. Experiment 3 shows that the induction of high contextual value of both ingroup and outgroup dimensions improves low status group members' well-being and motivated performance on the outgroup dimension. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.When members of a devalued group are outperformed by a higher status outgroup on important statusdefining dimensions, social identity theory proposes that they can reduce social identity threat by valuing alternative dimensions on which intergroup comparison is more positive (a form of 'social creativity, ' Lemaine, 1974;Tajfel & Turner, 1986). For instance, women who perceive that men outperform them in their mathematical ability can claim superiority in terms of verbal skills, a dimension on which women stereotypically outperform men. This focus on alternative dimensions is usually viewed as a cognitive rather than a behavioral strategy (Van Knippenberg & Ellemers, 1990). It is expected to improve the perception that low status group members have of their group and is seen to increase well-being without addressing the actual status difference between groups (Crocker & Major, 1989;Mummendey & Schreiber, 1984;Spears & Manstead, 1989;Wright, 2001). However, we propose that social creativity (by valuing alternative dimensions) can 'strike back.' That is, attaching value to an alternative ingroup dimension not only benefits stigmatized group members' well-being, but also stimulates individual group members' motivated performance on dimensions on which the group has low status. In three experiments, we examined whether valuing an alternative dimension in addition to a status-defining dimension enhanced individual low status group members' statusimprovement behavior.European Journal of Social Psychology Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 37, 470-493 (2007) Published online 23 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL CREATIVITYVan Knippenberg and Ellemers (1990) introduced the term 'social cooperation' to describe a situation in which groups claim superiority on one dimension, while acknowledging the outgroup's superiority on another dimension. In this paper, we use the term ingroup dimensions to refer to alternative dimensions that are identified by devalued groups to enhance social identity. We use the term outgroup dimensions to refer to dimensions on which the high status group's superior standing is based. Alth...

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“…Previous studies have already shown that domains in which higher status groups excel are usually valued highly, whereas domains in which lower status groups excel are devalued and regarded as having no or little utility for gaining status-relevant rewards (e.g., Schmader, Major, Eccleston, & McCoy, 2001). Such an effect would result in stronger effects of success and failure on dimensions in which the high-status group outperforms the low status group.…”

Section: Self-evaluation Self-esteem and Social Identitymentioning

confidence: 98%

When failing feels good—Relative prototypicality for a high-status group can counteract ego-threat after individual failure

Reinhard

Stahlberg

Messner

2009

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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To cite this version:Marc-André Reinhard. When failing feels good -Relative prototypicality for a high-status group can counteract ego-threat after individual failure. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Elsevier, 2009, 45 (4) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Two studies demonstrate that members of high-status groups (i.e., men and students of business administration) but not members of low-status groups (i.e., women and education students) react with an increase in state self-esteem after an alleged poor performance on a fictitious intelligence test. This Failure-as-an-Asset (FA) effect is only observed when the high-status ingroup (i.e., men) is outperformed by a low-status outgroup (i.e., women). In this case, a poor performance will lead to a strong identification with the ingroup due to high ingroup prototypicality. As predicted, the effects of experiencing success or failure on selfesteem were mediated by identification with the ingroup. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT

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Devaluing domains in response to threatening intergroup comparisons: Perceived legitimacy and the status value asymmetry.

Cited by 94 publications

References 41 publications

Failure as an asset for high-status persons – Relative group performance and attributed occupational success

Failure as an asset for high-status persons – Relative group performance and attributed occupational success

Social creativity strikes back: improving motivated performance of low status group members by valuing ingroup dimensions

When failing feels good—Relative prototypicality for a high-status group can counteract ego-threat after individual failure

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