Developing a historically based “Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model” (FVAM) – An interdisciplinary approach

Engler, Steven

doi:10.3112/erdkunde.2012.02.05

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Based on an evaluation of the literature on famines around the world between 1315 and 2012, Engler (2012a) distinguishes four chronological phases, also reflected in the structure of this article: first, pre-famine vulnerability; the second phase is characterised by the initial driver, e.g. climate (as in our case), failures of political crisis management and other social or environmental circumstances such as wars or microbial shocks (Engler, 2012a). Coping capacities/strategies and direct impacts on a group or society are major subjects of phase three.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The theoretical framework we use in our analysis of the Irish famine of 1740-1741, is provided by the "Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model" (FVAM) developed by Engler (2012a). The FVAM is a heuristic tool, designed to support the study of a wide range of famines over space and time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To meet this challenge, we define famine "as an extreme scarcity of food or a drop in exchange entitlements in a certain region over a multi-year period that threatens the way of life of the already-vulnerable resident population and frequently leads to a higher mortality rate" (Engler, 2012a). Our methodology will be described in Sect.…”

Section: S Engler Et Al: the Irish Famine Of 1740-1741: Famine Vulnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The "Great Frost" of 1740 was one of the coldest winters of the eighteenth century and impacted many countries all over Europe. The years 1740–1741 have long been known as a period of general crisis caused by harvest failures, high prices for staple foods, and excess mortality. Vulnerabilities, coping capacities and adaptation processes varied considerably among different countries. This paper investigates the famine of 1740–1741 in Ireland applying a multi-indicator model developed specifically for the integration of an analysis of pre-famine vulnerability, the Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model (FVAM). Our focus is on Ireland, because famine has played a more outstanding role in Irish national history than in any other European country, due to the "Great Famine" of 1845–1852 and its long-term demographic effects. Our analysis shows that Ireland was already particularly vulnerable to famine in the first half of the eighteenth century. During and after the experience of hardship in 1740–1741, many Irish moved within Ireland or left the country entirely. We regard migration as a form of adaptation and argue that Irish migration in 1740–1741 should be considered as a case of climate-induced migration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S Engler Et Al: the Irish Famine Of 1740-1741: Famine Vulnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

et al. 2013

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“…From an institutional standpoint the World Health Organization [9] defines famine as "regional failure of food production or supply, sufficient to cause a marked increase in disease and mortality due to severe lack of nutrition and necessitating emergency intervention, usually at an international level". Furthermore, we have suggested elsewhere [10,11] to define famines "as an extreme scarcity of food or a drop in exchange entitlements in a certain region over a multi-year period that threatens the way of life of the already-vulnerable resident population and frequently leads to a higher mortality rate". The trajectories of famines can be separated into four phases, namely pre-famine vulnerability, the initiating driver, the coping capacity and direct impacts as well as the adaptation phase [10].…”

Section: Famine Vulnerability Of the Irish Society In The Early 18th mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, we have suggested elsewhere [10,11] to define famines "as an extreme scarcity of food or a drop in exchange entitlements in a certain region over a multi-year period that threatens the way of life of the already-vulnerable resident population and frequently leads to a higher mortality rate". The trajectories of famines can be separated into four phases, namely pre-famine vulnerability, the initiating driver, the coping capacity and direct impacts as well as the adaptation phase [10]. Migration plays a major role as a form of resilience with regards to coping, adaptation and transformation [12].…”

Section: Famine Vulnerability Of the Irish Society In The Early 18th mentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes Prior and during the Early 18th Century Irish Famines—Weather Extremes and Migration

Engler

Werner

2015

Climate

Self Cite

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This paper advances the current debates on famine and famine history, with a focus on the first half of the 18th century in Ireland. Ireland was often hit by severe famines and two of them, specifically the famines of 1728-1729 and 1740-1741, are at the center of this article. The analysis of those famines will show the relevance of weather extremes as one driver in the functional chain of famines. Analyzing the linkage between weather extremes and social, political and economic vulnerabilities of the society further enhances the debate on past famines. Additionally, this paper focuses on the migration flows in the context of both Irish famines. These migration flows lay the foundation for the migration patterns during the "Great Irish Famine" of 1845-1852.

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Climate and society in European history

Ljungqvist

Seim

Huhtamaa

2020

WIREs Climate Change

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This article evaluates 165 studies from various disciplines, published between 2000 and 2019, which in different ways link past climate variability and change to human history in medieval and early modern Europe (here, c. 700–1815 CE). Within this review, we focus on the identification and interpretation of causal links between changes in climate and in human societies. A revised climate–society impact order model of historical climate–society interactions is presented and applied to structure the findings of the past 20 years' scholarship. Despite considerable progress in research about past climate–society relations, partly expedited by new palaeoclimate data, we identify limitations to knowledge, including geographical biases, a disproportional attention to extremely cold periods, and a focus on crises. Furthermore, recent scholarship shows that the limitations with particular disciplinary approaches can be successfully overcome through interdisciplinary collaborations. We conclude the article by proposing recommendations for future directions of research in the climatic change–human history nexus. This article is categorized under: Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge

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Developing a historically based “Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model” (FVAM) – An interdisciplinary approach

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

Processes Prior and during the Early 18th Century Irish Famines—Weather Extremes and Migration

Climate and society in European history

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Developing a historically based “Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model” (FVAM) – An interdisciplinary approach

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and &quot;climate migration&quot;

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and &quot;climate migration&quot;

Processes Prior and during the Early 18th Century Irish Famines—Weather Extremes and Migration

Climate and society in European history

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"