“…Although their focus is on pulling together elements from different national standards, application profiles are similar to data dictionaries in that they define local use of metadata elements, but they are frequently designed to be used beyond the local community that created them. Application profiles may be developed for all resources for a digital repository system, as is the case with the OhioLINK Digital Media Center (Hicks, Perkins, & Maurer, 2007), or they may be developed for a particular type of content (Clair, 2008;Tambouris, Manouselis, & Costopoulou, 2007). However, drawing elements from different namespaces can present challenges, such as when one schema has a hierarchical structure while another allows for only limited relationships (Devey & Côté, 2006).…”