Development and Performance Evaluation of a Precise Application System for Liquid Starter Fertilizer while Sowing Maize

Yu, Changchang; Wang, Qingjie; Cao, Xinpeng; Wang, Xiuhong; Jiang, Shan; Gong, Shaojun

doi:10.3390/act10090221

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The quality index of the length of LSF was 96.4%, the range of FA was 1.34 to 13.86 mL, and QID was 82.6%, which signifies the developed system meets the demands of precise LSF application [67]. Increasing MAP decreased the pH of the mineral fertilizer mixture (MF) from 8.0 (100% MAP) to <5.5; the target pH values of 5.8 and 7.0 were obtained, respectively, with 50% and 12.6% MAP in the MF; the pH values of the OMF (SPS + MF) varied from 5.8 (MF without SPS) to 6.0-6.9 (80% SPS + 20% MF), depending on the type of SPS.…”

Section: Precise Application Systemmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…For example, starter N fertilizer (classical and slow-release urea) deep placement reduced CH 4 emissions in comparison with surface broadcasting [64], which is a result of an increase in CH 4 oxidation stimulated by the high NH 4 + -N in localized bands and promoted by root growth in the deep soil [65,66]. The use of a self-propelled spoke wheel applicator to inject and deep place liquid fertilizer dissolved from crystalline of (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 (21-53-0) has increased maize establishment, production, and productivity [67]. In the cane study, maximum yields were observed when a cam-crank rocker combination mechanism deep placed the liquid fertilizer (ammonium nitrate mixed with water: 0.21 kg N L −1 ) at a rate of 100 kg N ha −1 [14,68,69].…”

Section: Subsurface Starter N-p-k Fertilization Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining such information technology, technical support, and guidelines from agronomists and extensions advisory-based experiences on the safe rate of seed-fertilizer-soil placement could bring valuable outcomes. In terms of agricultural mechanization, There was an adopted method for the precise application system of liquid starter fertilizers to detect seed information in real-time and control the solenoid valve to open automatically [67], which meets the demands of precise liquid starter fertilization (LSF) application [168]. with the subsurface application of coated N fertilizer; NH 3 production and toxicity were found to be the lowest with subsurface-applied coated N fertilizer [171].…”

Section: Effective Strategies To Neutralize Fertilizer Toxicity For O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Too Salty or Toxic for Use: A Tale of Starter Fertilizers in Agronomic Cropping Systems

Makaza,

Khiari

2023

Agronomy

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The rising shortage of fertilizer resources in crop-producing regions worldwide and the need for fertilizer use optimization to minimize the impact of salt injuries and ammonia toxicity are at the centre of a brewing storm call for sustainable fertilizer savings. The allocation of fertilizers will be an ever-increasing pressure source because of vast agricultural demands under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, starter fertilizers must complement their efficiency and aim to boost productivity and improve food quality to reduce its toxicities, and these observations are corroborated by an analysis of past and ongoing short-, medium-, and long-term experiments. Concurrently, to counterbalance nutrient uptake, fertilizing products containing select nutrients are commonly placed through soil–seed or soil–fertilizer–seed systems to enhance crop production and productivity. Knowledge of the importance of starter fertilizers and their implications as influenced by frequent environmental conditions and management practices remains essential for sustainable and socio-economics of human livelihoods and successful global agronomic food systems under climate change. Therefore, this review takes a closer look at the detailed starter fertilizers’ (N, P, and K) placement approaches exploring their implications on crop production cycles and integrating them with environmental and agronomic management practices that could help to tailor the appropriate fertilizer recommendations and minimise fertilizer toxicity. We explored the mechanisms by which fertilizer salt injury and ammonia toxicity interfere with the morpho-physiological and biochemical processes in most agronomic seed crops. Beyond this, we show the advances that have already been made, as well as suggestions and recommendations concerning managing fertilizer salt injuries and ammonia toxicity potentials in the agricultural industry.

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Section: Precise Application Systemmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Subsurface Starter N-p-k Fertilization Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effective Strategies To Neutralize Fertilizer Toxicity For O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Too Salty or Toxic for Use: A Tale of Starter Fertilizers in Agronomic Cropping Systems

Makaza,

Khiari

2023

Agronomy

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“…The tee pipe is widely utilized in numerous fields, including irrigation, water supply and drainage, agricultural fertilizer injection, and drainage systems. It is one of the essential parts of liquid transmission and distribution systems [1][2][3]. In transmission and distribution systems, the overall hydraulic losses are mostly attributed to the local resistance of the tees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Resistance Characteristics of T-Type Tee Based on Chamfering Treatment

Liu,

Li,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The T-type tee is a crucial part of liquid distribution systems and is widely used in irrigation, drainage, water delivery, and agricultural fertilizer injection, among other areas. Confluence angle, pipe diameter ratio, and flow rate ratio have been the main focus of previous research. Research on the hydraulic characteristics and resistance optimization brought about by the main-side pipe intersection’s chamfering treatment is, nevertheless, incredibly rare. Optimizing the structure of the T-type tee could improve its sustainability in many aspects, such as its energy consumption, durability, and production process. In order to fill this void in the literature, the current investigation concentrated on the resistance reduction and flow properties of T-type tees by means of chamfering treatment. Using a newly proposed coefficient called the integrated local resistance coefficient, the integral flow characteristics and resistance reduction effects of T-type tees were addressed. Through the use of the verified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the crossed effects of five chamfer ratios (R = 0D, 0.5D, 1D, 2D, and 3D), nine flow rate ratios (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9), and two pipe diameter ratios were examined. When the Reynolds number exceeded 3 × 105, the flow remained in the quadratic drag region, meaning that the local resistance coefficient of T-type tees was no longer dependent on the flow velocity. In both confluence and shunt conditions for equal tees, chamfering treatment was proven to be an efficient method for reducing local resistance under these conditions. For instance, following a 1D chamfering treatment on the T-type confluence tee, at a flow ratio of 0.5, the local resistance coefficients ζ1 and ζ2 dropped by 68% and 82%, respectively, in comparison to the 0D condition. The effects of resistance reduction were improved by a wider chamfer radius and a higher side pipe flow rate ratio. The highest overall performance was obtained by chamfering a T-type tee with a curvature radius of 1D, taking into account flow characteristics, sustainability, processing technology, economic cost, and promotion difficulties. The chamfering procedure produced a more noticeable reduction in resistance for unequal tees with comparable velocities in the main and side pipes when the pipe diameter ratio was greater than 0.5.

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Grain productivity hybrids of corn depending on the use of complex mineral fertilizers

et al. 2021

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The results of studying the effect of complex mineral fertilizers on the productivity of corn hybrids of different ripeness groups in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe are presented. The studies were carried out in 2019–2021 in the conditions of the experimental feld of the Scientifc and Production Center of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. The experiment studied 9 early, mid-early and mid-season corn hybrids (FAO 170–350) and 4 levels of fertilizers: no fertilizers, N60P60K60, N60P60K60 + Plantonit Frumentum (1 l/ha), N60P60K60 + Plantonit Grain (1 l/ha). It was found that all the studied hybrids had high parameters of the grain mass from the kernel and the mass of 1000 grains when using N60P60K60 + Plantonit Frumentum. There was no signifcant difference in the elements of the yield structure when using N60P60K60 + Plantonit Frumentum and N60P60K60 + Plantonit Grain. The maximum grain yield was provided by mid-season hybrids Carifols and LG30352 on the variant N60P60K60 + Plantonit Frumentum – 8.21 and 7.84 t/ha. When N60P60K60 + Plantonit Grain was applied, the yield was 8.16 and 7.81 t/ha. The grain yield of the hybrids of the early maturing group was 5.82 t/ha, the medium-early – 6.71 t/ha, and the mid-season – 7.35 t/ha. Among the hybrids of the early-maturing group, the most productive was LG30189 (4.75–6.63 t/ha), in the medium-early group – P8409 (5.29–7.61 t/ha), in the mid-season group – Carifols (6.04–8.21 t/ha). Due to the use of complex mineral fertilizers Plantonit Frumentum and Plantonit Grain, the productivity of the crop increased by an average of 6.0 and 5.4 % compared to the application of only N60P60K60. When N60P60K60 + Plantonit Grain was applied, early-maturing hybrids increased grain yield by 1.76 t/ha, medium-early by 2.11 t/ha, mid-season by 1.96 t/ha compared to the variant without fertilizers. At the same time, the greatest increase yield was observed in medium-early and mid-season hybrids (1.48–2.32 t/ha). The eﬀect of mineral fertilizers on the moisture content of corn grain has not been established, and this indicator depended on the biological characteristics of the studied hybrids. Key words: corn, grain, hybrid, mineral fertilizers, productivity, foliar feeding.

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Development and Performance Evaluation of a Precise Application System for Liquid Starter Fertilizer while Sowing Maize

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Too Salty or Toxic for Use: A Tale of Starter Fertilizers in Agronomic Cropping Systems

Too Salty or Toxic for Use: A Tale of Starter Fertilizers in Agronomic Cropping Systems

Local Resistance Characteristics of T-Type Tee Based on Chamfering Treatment

Grain productivity hybrids of corn depending on the use of complex mineral fertilizers

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