Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC-PDA Method for Determination of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Tramadol Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Abstract

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) (PAR), caffeine (CAF) and tramadol hydrochloride (TRA) are important drugs widely used for many clinical purposes. Determination of their contents is of the paramount interest. In this respect, a quick, simple and sensitive isocratic RP-HPLC method with photodiode array detection was developed for the determination of paracetamol, caffeine and tramadol in pharmaceutical formulations. An improved sensitive procedure was also evolved for tramadol using a fluorescence detector system. A C18 column and a mobile phase constituted by methanol/phosphate were used. LODs were found to be 0.2 μg/mL, 0.1 μg/mL and 0.3 μg/mL for paracetamol, caffeine and tramadol hydrochloride, respectively, using photodiode-array detection. Alternatively, LOD for tramadol decreased to 0.1 μg/mL with the fluorescence detector. Other notable analytical figures of merit include the linear concentration ranges, 0.8–270 μg/mL, 0.4–250 μg/mL and 1.0–300 (0.2–40) μg/mL, for the same ordered analytes (including the fluorescence detector). The proposed method was successfully applied for the quantitative determination of the three drugs in tablet dosage forms.

Simultaneous Ratio Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Ibuprofen in Their Ternary Form

“…High Performance Liquid Chromatography methods (HPLC) [28][29][30][31] , and different electrochemical methods either for each one alone or combined together [32][33][34][35] were used too in the estimation of the three compounds in the same form.…”

First derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric method for the simultaneous determination of tramadol and celecoxib in their dosage forms and human plasma

“…1), an analgesic medication with dual monoaminergic reuptake inhibitory and opioid receptor agonist activities, is used for neuropathic pain, osteoarthritic pain as well as low back and rheumatoid arthritis [22]. Reported analytical methods for tramadol alone or in combinations include HPLC [23][24][25][26][27][28], spectrophotometric methods [29][30][31], electrochemical methods [32][33][34][35] and gas Chromatography [36,37].…”

Electrochemiluminescence Drug Sensor for Acetaminophen using Boron Nitride Quantum Dots as Ru(bpy)32+ Coreactant for Acetaminophen

“…These techniques basically meet the feasibility and sensitivity requirements of AP content determination. However, many detection methods require cumbersome sample pretreatment process, complicated and expensive operating instruments, and long analysis time, which are not desirable in quality control [25][26][27]. Considering the impact of drug residues on the environment and physical safety, it is very important to find a sensitive, simple, accurate, and reliable AP detection method as soon as possible.…”