Development of a molecular recognition based approach for multi-residue extraction of estrogenic endocrine disruptors from biological fluids coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry measurement

Abstract

Multi-residue methods permitting the high-throughput and affordable simultaneous determination of an extended range of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with reduced time and cost of analysis is of prime interest in order to characterize a whole set of bioactive compounds. Such a method based on UHPLC-MS/MS measurement and dedicated to 13 estrogenic EDCs was developed and applied to biological matrices. Two molecular recognition-based strategies, either molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) with phenolic template or estrogen receptors (ERα) immobilized on a sorbent, were assessed in terms of recovery and purification efficiency. Both approaches demonstrated their suitability to measure ultra-trace levels of estrogenic EDCs in aqueous samples. Applicability of the MIP procedure to urine and serum samples has also been demonstrated.

Recent molecularly imprinted polymers applications in bioanalysis

“…Attempts to discover and develop extraction methods for estrogenic compounds led to an increase in multi-residue methods that allow for the high throughput and minimal cost simultaneous determination of a broad variety of EDCs with decreased analytical time and cost, which is critical in order to characterize a large number of bioactive compounds. The MIP-SPE technique has been used to extract estrogenic endocrine disruptors from urine and serum with excellent results in both matrices, having recoveries above 70% for the majority of components; reported by Bousoumah et al ( 2015 ). The linearity was determined at three levels of concentration ranging from 0.1 to 50 μg L –1 by spiking urine and serum samples.…”

“…Results are presented in Table 1 and Fig. 8 for all studied estrogenic compounds in this group (Bousoumah et al 2015 ) in both serum and urine samples.…”

“…Estrogenic compounds are a particular source of concern among EDCs. Natural estrogens, synthetic estrogens, phytoestrogens, and several types of environmental contaminants are all included (Bousoumah et al 2015 ). Attempts to discover and develop extraction methods for estrogenic compounds led to an increase in multi-residue methods that allow for the high throughput and minimal cost simultaneous determination of a broad variety of EDCs with decreased analytical time and cost, which is critical in order to characterize a large number of bioactive compounds.…”

Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Aiding the Analysis of Disease Biomarkers

“…Bousoumah et al [39] describes an approach for monitoring estrogenic endocrine disruptors. A commercially available MIP SPE cartridge with affinity for phenolic compounds was used to extract 13 analytes: estrone, 17aestradiol, 17b-estradiol, estriol, 17a-ethinylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, 4-n-octylphenol, 4-nnonylphenol, coumestrol, genistein and enterolactone.…”

Self-assembly Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Determination of Testosterone

“…Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for measuring the concentration of hormones and metabolites have been produced in the last decade and used for optical sensing by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to detect progesterone [7], cholesterol [7] and testosterone [7][8][9][10]. More traditional laboratory-based methods have also been used, such as: gas chromatography (GC) for measurement of anabolic steroids [11] and extraction steroids [12]; liquid chromatography (LC) for measurement of epitestosterone [13], testosterone [13][14][15], or other steroids [16]; capillary electrophoresis (EC) linked with mass spectrometry (MS) for testosterone [17], epitestosterone [17], urinary steroid hormones [18] and estrogenic endocrine disruptors [19]; diode-array detection (DAD) of steroids [20], progesterone [21] and testosterone [21] in human urine [11,17,[20][21][22][23] or in goat milk [24]. The functional and crosslinking monomers that have been used in molecular imprinting include acrylamide [16], methacrylic acid (MAA) [7][8][9][10][11]13,15,17,20,21,[24][25][26]…”