Development of a novel, multi-analyte biosensor system for assaying cell division: Identification of cell proliferation/death precursor events

Oxygen consumption in T‐47D cells immobilized in alginate

“…In a study of alginate‐immobilized Vero cells [a line derived from kidney epithelial cells of African green monkeys ], maximal population growth was found after 4 days , while oxidative stress increased significantly with time, presumably due to limited nutrient supply; after 7 days or so, this led to significant loss of viability. As in our case, their experimental set‐up was likely to cause hypoxia and nutrient deprivation due to diffusion‐limited supply.…”

Immobilization of Electroporated Cells for Fabrication of Cellular Biosensors: Physiological Effects of the Shape of Calcium Alginate Matrices and Foetal Calf Serum

“…Following a modified procedure of the method described by De Backer et al [15] and Kintzios et al [10], one milliliter of cell suspension (electroporated or control) was mixed with 4% (w/v) sodium alginate solution (3 mL), then transferred on a filter paper (with a 5 cm diameter) soaked in a Petri dish in 0.8 M CaCl 2 (1.5 mL). The resulting calcium alginate gel membrane, with dimensions 4 mm × 6 mm × 0.5 mm and containing cells, was solidified within 2–3 min and was 1 mm thick.…”

“…The majority of these experiments have been carried out using bacterial cells, while only a few reports are focused on the properties of immobilized mammalian cells [9, 10]. In these few cases, immobilization was found to considerably affect cell metabolism and cell apoptosis, possibly due to changes in local nutrient concentration as a result of mass transfer limitations [11].…”

Cell-Based Biosensors in Clinical Chemistry

“…As an example, a novel, miniaturized biosensor system was recently created by combining the electrophysiological response of immobilized cells with superoxidesensing technology and optical and fluorescence microscopy [73]. This is due to a drastic reduction of technical requirements associated with the maintenance of a controlled environment (CO 2 enrichment, 37ºC).…”

“…Cells ( ) are not shown in scale (modified from[73]). Schematic representation of the immobilized cell biosensor.…”