Development of a qPCR for the detection and quantification of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in sheep feces and tissues

Parker, A.M.; Mohler, Virginia L.; Gunn, Alison A.; House, John K.

doi:10.1177/1040638720952359

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…(3%) in goat fecal samples was lower than that reported in other studies, such as 9.0% (Duffy et al, 2009) and 46.3% (Turkyilmaz et al, 2013). Our findings are consistent with those of Parker et al (2020), who also reported the presence of Salmonella in sheep feces. The detection highlights that Salmonella spp., although an indicator of possible animal illness, can frequently be harbored by animals without outward signs of sickness, given its natural residence in their intestines and potential presence in their feces (Manishimwe et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Basnet,

Kilonzo-Nthenge

2024

Front. Antibiot.

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IntroductionThe increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in zoonotic pathogens poses a substantial threat to both animal production and human health. Although large-scale animal farms are acknowledged as major reservoirs for AMR, there is a notable knowledge gap concerning AMR in small-scale farms. This study seeks to address this gap by collecting and analyzing 137 fecal samples from goat and sheep farms in Tennessee and Georgia.MethodBacteria were identified using culture-dependent methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method.Results and discussionThe prevalence of E. coli (94.9%) in goats and sheep significantly exceeded (p < 0.05) that of S. aureus (81.0%), Shigella (35.0%), S. saprophyticus, and Salmonella (3.0%). Salmonella occurrence in goat feces (2.2%) was higher than in sheep (0.8%). Notably, 27% of goats and 8% of sheep tested positive for Shigella spp., while 60% of goats and 21% of sheep tested positive for S. aureus. Antibiotic resistance was observed primarily against ampicillin (79.4%), vancomycin (65.1%), and gentamycin (63.6%), significantly surpassing (p < 0.05) resistance to tetracycline (41.6%) and imipenem (21.8%). The penicillin (79.4%), glycopeptide (65.1%), and aminoglycoside (63.6%) antibiotic classes displayed significantly higher (p < 0.05) resistance compared to tetracyclines (45.7%) and carbapenem (21.8%). Our findings suggest that goats and sheep feces may serve as source for multidrug-resistant bacteria, raising concerns about the potential introduction of their fecal matter into soil, water, and eventually to the food chain. This highlights the need for proactive measures to address and mitigate AMR in goats and sheep within small-scale farms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Basnet,

Kilonzo-Nthenge

2024

Front. Antibiot.

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“…These dyes will bind on the DNA groove as the double-strand DNA is amplified, which then increases the fluorescent intensity [ 86 , 87 , 88 ]. qPCR has been widely used for Salmonella detection in various food, poultry, and veterinary products [ 89 , 90 , 91 ]. In the majority of studies, the invasion gene ( invA ) and tetrathionate reductase gene ( ttr ) were the most targeted gene for Salmonella identification using the qPCR method [ 92 ].…”

Section: Detection Of Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement in Salmonella Detection Methods: From Conventional to Electrochemical-Based Sensing Detection

et al. 2021

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Large-scale food-borne outbreaks caused by Salmonella are rarely seen nowadays, thanks to the advanced nature of the medical system. However, small, localised outbreaks in certain regions still exist and could possess a huge threat to the public health if eradication measure is not initiated. This review discusses the progress of Salmonella detection approaches covering their basic principles, characteristics, applications, and performances. Conventional Salmonella detection is usually performed using a culture-based method, which is time-consuming, labour intensive, and unsuitable for on-site testing and high-throughput analysis. To date, there are many detection methods with a unique detection system available for Salmonella detection utilising immunological-based techniques, molecular-based techniques, mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, optical phenotyping, and biosensor methods. The electrochemical biosensor has growing interest in Salmonella detection mainly due to its excellent sensitivity, rapidity, and portability. The use of a highly specific bioreceptor, such as aptamers, and the application of nanomaterials are contributing factors to these excellent characteristics. Furthermore, insight on the types of biorecognition elements, the principles of electrochemical transduction elements, and the miniaturisation potential of electrochemical biosensors are discussed.

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“…Genotypic methods that analyze chromosomal or plasmid DNA enable the identification of bacteria through unique or species-specific genes, as well as the detection of particular genes [33,34]. These techniques can help to understand the development and transferability of mobile resistance-encoding elements in bacterial pathogens, driven by interactions between specific chromosomal fragments and plasmids [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella sp. Isolates from Commercial Laying Hen Farms in Central-Western Brazil

Moraes,

Almeida,

Andrade

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Microbial resistance to antibiotics poses a significant threat to both human and animal health, necessitating international efforts to mitigate this issue. This study aimed to assess the resistance profiles of Salmonella sp. isolates and identify the presence of intl1, sul1, and blaTEM resistance genes within antigenically characterized isolates, including Agona, Livingstone, Cerro, Schwarzengrund, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype O:4.5, Anatum, Enteritidis, Johannesburg, Corvallis, and Senftenberg. These isolates underwent susceptibility testing against 14 antibiotics. The highest resistance percentages were noted for sulfamethoxazole (91%), sulfonamides (51%), and ceftiofur (28.9%), while no resistance was observed for ciprofloxacin. Salmonella Johannesburg and Salmonella Corvallis showed resistance to one antibiotic, whereas other serovars were resistant to at least two. Salmonella Schwarzengrund exhibited resistance to 13 antibiotics. The intl1 gene was detected in six out of the ten serovars, and the sul1 gene in three, always co-occurring with intl1. The blaTEM gene was not identified. Our findings highlight the risk posed by the detected multiple resistances and genes to animal, human, and environmental health. The multidrug resistance, especially to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, highlights the need for stringent monitoring of Salmonella in laying hens. The potential of the environment, humans, eggs, and their products to act as vectors for antibiotic resistance represents a significant concern for One Health.

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Development of a qPCR for the detection and quantification of Salmonella spp. in sheep feces and tissues

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Advancement in Salmonella Detection Methods: From Conventional to Electrochemical-Based Sensing Detection

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella sp. Isolates from Commercial Laying Hen Farms in Central-Western Brazil

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