Development of an Aliphatic Biomedical-Grade Polyurethane Elastomer

Szycher, Michael; Poirier, Victor L.; Dempsey, Donald J.

doi:10.1177/009524438301500205

Cited by 70 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, its hard segment is based on methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) monomers, which have been identified as precursors of 4,4’-methylenedianiline (MDA), a suspected carcinogen [62, 63]. On the other hand, no significant adverse effects have been observed in a number of studies using this material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of elastomeric hollow fiber membranes as small diameter vascular graft substitutes

Mercado-Pagán

Kang

Findlay

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Engineering of small diameter (<6 mm) vascular grafts (SDVGs) for clinical use, remains a significant challenge. Here, elastomeric polyester urethane (PEU)-based hollow fiber membranes (HFM) are presented as an SDVG candidate to target the limitations of current technologies and improve tissue engineering designs. HFMs are fabricated by a simple phase inversion method. HFM dimensions are tailored through adjustments to fabrication parameters. The walls of HFMs are highly porous. The HFMs are very elastic, with moduli ranging from 1–4 MPa, strengths from 1–5 MPa, and max strains from 300–500%. Permeability of the HFMs varies from 0.5–3.5×10−6 cm/s, while burst pressure varies from 25 to 35 psi. The suture retention forces of HFMs are in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 N. These properties match those of blood vessels. A slow degradation profile is observed for all HFMs, with 71 to 78% of the original mass remaining after 8 weeks, providing a suitable profile for potential cellular incorporation and tissue replacement. Both human endothelial cells and human mesenchymal stem cells proliferate well in the presence of HFMs up to 7 days. These results demonstrate a promising customizable PEU HFMs for small diameter vascular repair and tissue engineering applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of elastomeric hollow fiber membranes as small diameter vascular graft substitutes

Mercado-Pagán

Kang

Findlay

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…Estane is a methylenediphenyldiisocyanate (MDI)based poly(urethane), which is converted into the toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic diamine 4A-dimethylenedianiline (MDA) after degradation [23]. This problem can be overcome by using aliphatic diisocyanate-like hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).…”

Section: Foam Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of porous biodegradable polymer implants in meniscus reconstruction. 1) Preparation of porous biodegradable polyurethanes for the reconstruction of meniscus lesions

Groot¹,

Nijenhuis²,

Bruin³

et al. 1990

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Porous biodegradable poly(urethanes) for reconstruci~ng menisci have been prepared using two different combinations of techniques: freeze-drying/salt-leaching and in-situ polymerization/salt-leaching. Using these methods, homogenous porous materials with a controllable and reproducible morphology can be prepared. The materials were made of three different poly(urethanes): a methylenediphenyldiisocyanatebased polyurethane, a lysine diisocyanate-based poly(urethane), and a poly(e-caprolactone)-based poly(urethane). The compressive stress-strain behavior of the Estane foams was determined. Foams made by the freeze-drying/salt-leaching technique implanted in dogs showed healing and good ingrowth of fibrocartilaginous tissue.

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“…11 Aromatic polyurethanes based on toluene diisocyanate and 4,4Ј-methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) produce highly toxic aromatic amines during thermal and thermo-hydrolytic degradation. 12,13 Polyether polyol-based polyurethanes have demonstrated surface degradation in vivo. 6,14 The major mechanism of this degradation is oxidation of ether linkage 7,15 and environmental stress cracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the effect of virtual crosslinking on the hydrolytic stability of novel aliphatic polyurethane ureas for blood contact applications

Thomas

Jayabalan

2001

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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The effect of virtual crosslinking on the hydrolytic stability of completely aliphatic novel poly(urethane ureas), HFL9-PU1 (hard-segment content 57.5%) and HFL13-PU2 (hard-segment content 67.9%) based on 4,4'-methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H(12)MDI)-hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene-1,6-hexamethylene diamine, was studied. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance and wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies revealed hydrogen-bonding interaction and microphase separation and formation of crystallites by short- and long-range ordering in hard-segment domains. Three-dimensional networks from hydrogen bonding in the present polymers lead to virtually crosslinking and insolubility. These polymers were noncytotoxic to L929 fibroblast cells. The hemolytic potential is below the accepted limit. The studies on in vitro biostability in Ringer's solution, phosphate buffered saline, and papain enzyme revealed no weight loss. The infrared spectral studies revealed changes in the surface, especially on HFL9-PU1 aged in Ringer's solution and phosphate buffered saline, and no changes when aged in papain. The marginal changes noticed in tensile properties were attributed to the changes in degree of hydrogen bonding and associated rearrangement of molecular structure in the bulk. The results revealed that the lesser the crosslinking in virgin polymer, the higher the crosslinking in aged polymer and vice versa. Increased crosslinking during aging provided increased tensile properties in the aged polymer over the virgin polymer and vice versa. For comparison, an aliphatic polyetherurethane urea (HFL16-PU3) was also synthesized using poly(oxy tetra methylene glycol) in addition to the above reactants. Though both HFL9-PU1 and HFL16-PU3 contained the same hard-segment content, the aged sample of the latter showed decreased tensile properties with increased crosslinking during aging in contrast to the former. This was attributed to less microphase separation in the virgin HFL16-PU3 polymer.

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Development of an Aliphatic Biomedical-Grade Polyurethane Elastomer

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Development and evaluation of elastomeric hollow fiber membranes as small diameter vascular graft substitutes

Development and evaluation of elastomeric hollow fiber membranes as small diameter vascular graft substitutes

Use of porous biodegradable polymer implants in meniscus reconstruction. 1) Preparation of porous biodegradable polyurethanes for the reconstruction of meniscus lesions

Studies on the effect of virtual crosslinking on the hydrolytic stability of novel aliphatic polyurethane ureas for blood contact applications

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