Development of new spacer device geometry: a CFD study (Part I)

Oliveira, Ricardo F.; Teixeira, Senhorinha; Silva, Luís F.; Teixeira, José Carlos; Antunes, Henedina

doi:10.1080/10255842.2011.563359

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The corresponding parameters for spray properties and particle distribution model are shown in Table 3. Since the experimental paper [31] did not provide the MDI spray parameters, measured experimental data from Oliviera et al [1] were used to determine the spray condition. They measured the cone angle of the HFA-pMDI as 17 • .…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulmonary drug delivery is of paramount importance to the pharmaceutical industry because it allows the delivery of low bioavailability drugs to a large surface area of the lungs. The pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) has been the primary choice for the therapeutic management of asthma since the late 1950s [1]. Despite recent improvements in respiratory drug delivery treatment, less than 30% of a dose reaches a patient's lungs [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These corrections were necessary to account for complex flow characteristics (secondary flow regions and circulated areas) in the proposed mouth-throat airway. A CFD analysis by Oliveira et al [1] showed that stable airflow at the spacer's outlet reduced the recirculation area and provided better drug deposition to the lungs. In another CFD study, Oliveira et al [19] explored the characterization of the pMDI aerosol plume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A CFD Investigation on the Aerosol Drug Delivery in the Mouth–Throat Airway Using a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler Device

et al. 2022

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Inhalation therapy involving a pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) is one of the most commonly used and effective treatment methods for patients with asthma. The purpose of this study was to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to characterize aerosol flow issued from a pMDI into a simulated mouth–throat geometry. The effects of air flow rate and cone angle were analyzed in detail. The behaviour of the multiphase flow initiated at the inhaler actuation nozzle and extended through the mouth–throat airway was simulated based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian discrete phase model, with the k-ω model applied for turbulency. We validated our model against published experimental measurements and cover the hydrodynamic aspect of the study. The recirculation we observed at the 90° bend inside the mouth–throat airway resulted in the selective retention of larger diameter particles, and the fluid flow patterns were correlated with drug deposition behaviour. Enhancing air flow rates up to three times reduced the aerodynamic particle diameters to 20%. We also observed that, as cone angle increased, mouth deposition increased; an 8° cone angle was the best angle for the lowest mouth–throat deposition.

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Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A CFD Investigation on the Aerosol Drug Delivery in the Mouth–Throat Airway Using a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler Device

et al. 2022

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“…Increasing delay time between firing and inhalation and firing multiple actuations into the device results in increased deposition of drug in the add-on device and thus decreases the delivery efficiency (88). The geometry of the spacer also impacts the amount of drug deposition (89). Electrostatic charge on the surface of the add-on device can decrease the efficiency of drug delivery (88,90).…”

Section: Use Of Add-on Devices With Mdismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Metered Dose Inhaler Technology: Hardware Development

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDIs) were first introduced in the 1950s and they are currently widely prescribed as portable systems to treat pulmonary conditions. MDIs consist of a formulation containing dissolved or suspended drug and hardware needed to contain the formulation and enable efficient and consistent dose delivery to the patient. The device hardware includes a canister that is appropriately sized to contain sufficient formulation for the required number of doses, a metering valve capable of delivering a consistent amount of drug with each dose delivered, an actuator mouthpiece that atomizes the formulation and serves as a conduit to deliver the aerosol to the patient, and often an indicating mechanism that provides information to the patient on the number of doses remaining. This review focuses on the current state-of-the-art of MDI hardware and includes discussion of enhancements made to the device's core subsystems. In addition, technologies that aid the correct use of MDIs will be discussed. These include spacers, valved holding chambers, and breath-actuated devices. Many of the improvements discussed in this article increase the ability of MDI systems to meet regulatory specifications. Innovations that enhance the functionality of MDIs continue to be balanced by the fact that a key advantage of MDI systems is their low cost per dose. The expansion of the health care market in developing countries and the increased focus on health care costs in many developed countries will ensure that MDIs remain a cost-effective crucial delivery system for treating pulmonary conditions for many years to come.

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“…Large-volume spacers, in particular the Volumatic TM spacer, have been the topic of numerous studies performed by Oliveira et al [45][46][47]. In these studies a numerical approach is taken, whereby the flow within the spacer is simulated using computational fluid dynamics.…”

Section: Inspiratory Flow Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Non Uniform Deposition of pMDI Aerosol in a Large Volume Spacer

Sprigge¹

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Chronic lower respiratory tract diseases have been cited as the fourth leading cause of death in Canada in both 2000 and 2009 [1]. Pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) administer medication for patients suffering from these disorders, in particular for asthma. Medication released from a pMDI can be difficult to inhale directly, and add-on devices have been designed to aid delivery.While add-on devices, or spacers, increase the percentage of medication that reaches the patient, medication also deposits on the walls of the device.The deposition of medication within a large volume spacer is studied, using spectrophotometry for experiments and computational fluid dynamics, implementing mean-flow and turbulent tracking of particles. Regions of deposition are of interest, as well as the way that the deposition varied for different inhalation flow rates. The aim is to determine optimal inhalation flow rate as well as studying the cause of the non-symmetrical deposition.

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Development of new spacer device geometry: a CFD study (Part I)

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

A CFD Investigation on the Aerosol Drug Delivery in the Mouth–Throat Airway Using a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler Device

A CFD Investigation on the Aerosol Drug Delivery in the Mouth–Throat Airway Using a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler Device

Advances in Metered Dose Inhaler Technology: Hardware Development

Non Uniform Deposition of pMDI Aerosol in a Large Volume Spacer

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