Development of positron detector for μSR based on multi-pixel photon counter

Takeshita, Satoshi; Hiraishi, M.; Miyazaki, Masao; Koda, A.; Kadono, R.; Suzuki, S.; Yasu, Y.; Tanaka, M.; Matsuda, Y.; Ishida, K.; Matsuzaki, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.108

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the last decade many efforts have been devoted to the development and characterization of photon-number resolving detectors. The motivation stems from the variety of fields of applications: as an example, this kind of devices has already been used in particle physics experiments [1][2][3][4][5][6], PET systems [3,7], biomedical research [8][9][10][11][12] and atmospheric pollution measurements [13,14]. Moreover, there are other interesting fields of application in which photon-counting detectors could be exploited, such as LIDAR (light detection and ranging), laser scanning microscopy, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon-number statistics with silicon photomultipliers

et al. 2010

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We present a description of the operation of a multi-pixel detector in the presence of non-negligible dark-count and cross-talk effects. We apply the model to devise self-consistent calibration strategies to be performed on the very light under investigation.Several concepts and technologies have been proposed that lead to the development of detectors such as visible-light photon counters (VLPC) [18], superconductive transition edge sensors (TES) [19], time-multiplexed detectors [20][21][22], hybrid photodetectors (HPD) [23,24] and Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) [25]. Irrespective of the concept and design features, these detectors may in general be classified in terms of photon detection efficiency, spectral response, time development of the signal, dead time, and notable photon number resolving capability. As of today, the ideal detector has yet to appear and the optimal choice is application specific. This paper focuses on SiPMs, detectors featuring unique characteristics that are achieved by a rapidly evolving technology. Silicon photomultipliers consist of a high density (by now limited to ∼ 2000 cells/mm 2 ) matrix of diodes with a common output. Each diode (or cell) is operated in a limited Geiger-Mueller (GM) regime, in order to achieve gains at the level of 10 6 . Quenching mechanisms are implemented to avoid establishing self-sustaining discharges. These detectors are sensitive to single photons triggering GM avalanches and can be endowed with a dynamic range well above 100 photons/burst. The photon detection efficiency (PDE) depends on the sensor design and specification, but it may well exceed 60%. Moreover, SiPM are genuine photon-number resolving detectors in that they measure light intensity simply by the number of fired diodes. Compactness, robustness, low cost, low operating voltage, and power consumption are also added values against traditional photodetectors. On the other hand, SiPMs are affected by significant dark count rates (DCR), associated to cells fired by thermally generated charge carriers. Moreover, the GM avalanche development is known to be associated to the generation of photons [26], which may in turn trigger secondary avalanches and result in relevant cross-talk. Whether DCR and cross-talk may be directly measured, it is clear that they are folded in the detector response to any signal and need to be modelled to properly assess the statistical properties of the light field being investigated. This paper reports the experimental validation of two models, on the way to a self-consistent characterization of the SiPM response. Experimental set-upThe detector response to a weak light field is shown in Fig. 1(a), featuring the sensor output signal after a high-bandwidth amplifier with a gain of 50. The different bands in the image, obtained in persistency mode, correspond to samples with different numbers of triggered cells, i.e. different numbers of detected photons. The photon-number resolving properties are also clear in Fig. 1(b) that shows the corresponding spectrum as obtained ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon-number statistics with silicon photomultipliers

et al. 2010

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“…Given this situation, we are developing a positron detector system consisting of highly segmented arrays of solid scintillators with pixelated avalanche photodiodes (APD) operating in Geiger mode as photon sensors (see figure 6) [17,18]. Because of the small size of APDs, the unit system including electronic circuits for processing APD signals to deduce timing information can be very compact.…”

Section: Progress In the Event-by-event (Digital) Technique 221 Full-...mentioning

confidence: 99%

MUSE, the goddess of muons, and her future

Kadono¹,

Miyake²

2012

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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The Muon Science Establishment (MUSE) is one of the major experimental facilities, along with those for neutron, hadron and neutrino experiments, in J-PARC. It makes up a part of the Materials and Life Science Experiment Facility (MLF) that hosts a tandem neutron facility (JSNS) driven by a single proton beam. The facility consists of a superconducting solenoid (for pion confinement) with a modest-acceptance (about 45 mSr) injector of pions and muons obtained from a 20 mm thick edge-cooled stationary graphite target, delivering a 'surface muon' beam (μ(+)) and a 'decay muon' beam (μ(+)/μ(-)) for a wide variety of applications. It has recently been confirmed that the beamline has the world's highest muon intensity (∼10(6) μ(+)/s) at a proton beam power of 120 kW. The beamline is furnished with two experimental areas (D1 and D2) at the exit branches, where an apparatus for muon spin rotation/relaxation experiments (μSR) is currently installed at the D1 area while test experiments are conducted at the D2 area. In this paper, the current performance of the MUSE facility as a whole is reviewed. The facility is still in the early stage of development, including both beamlines and infrastructure for experiments, and plans for upgrading it are discussed together with perspectives for research works envisaged with unprecedented high-intensity muons.

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