Development of the rumen digestive functions in lambs placed in a sterile isolator a few days after birth

Fonty, Gérard; Jouany, J.P.; Chavarot, M.; Bonnemoy, Frédérique; Gouet, Philippe

doi:10.1051/rnd:19910504

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The levels of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria monitored throughout the study were consistent with those in functional rumens (27,29,30). The ruminal VFA levels in the meroxenic lambs were lower than those in the conventional lambs but were in agreement with levels previously observed in meroxenic lambs (31,32), and results showed that the more complex the ruminal microflora, the higher the VFA levels. The low butyrate levels in meroxenic lambs were probably due to the absence of protozoans (44).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Volatile fatty acid (VFA) and gas concentrations were determined by gas chromatography (DI700 chromatograph; Delsi Instruments) using methods described previously (31,32,43). Acetate and succinate concentrations in culture supernatants were determined enzymatically using Boehringer's method (Boehringer-Mannheim, SA, Meylan, France).…”

Section: Animals (I) Preparation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Fonty¹,

Joblin

Chavarot³

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this work was to determine whether reductive acetogenesis can provide an alternative to methanogenesis in the rumen. Gnotobiotic lambs were inoculated with a functional rumen microbiota lacking methanogens and reared to maturity on a fibrous diet. Lambs with a methanogen-free rumen grew well, and the feed intake and ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations for lambs lacking ruminal methanogens were lower but not markedly dissimilar from those for conventional lambs reared on the same diet. A high population density (10 7 to 10 8 cells g ؊1 ) of ruminal acetogens slowly developed in methanogen-free lambs. Sulfate-and fumarate-reducing bacteria were present, but their population densities were highly variable. In methanogen-free lambs, the hydrogen capture from fermentation was low (28 to 46%) in comparison with that in lambs containing ruminal methanogens (>90%). Reductive acetogenesis was not a significant part of ruminal fermentation in conventional lambs but contributed 21 to 25% to the fermentation in methanogen-free meroxenic animals. Ruminal H 2 utilization was lower in lambs lacking ruminal methanogens, but when a methanogen-free lamb was inoculated with a methanogen, the ruminal H 2 utilization was similar to that in conventional lambs. H 2 utilization in lambs containing a normal ruminal microflora was age dependent and increased with the animal age. The animal age effect was less marked in lambs lacking ruminal methanogens. Addition of fumarate to rumen contents from methanogen-free lambs increased H 2 utilization. These findings provide the first evidence from animal studies that reductive acetogens can sustain a functional rumen and replace methanogens as a sink for H 2 in the rumen.Methane (CH 4 ) eructated from ruminants represents a loss of 8 to 13% of the digestible energy ingested by the animal (71) and contributes to global warming. The amount of methane produced by ruminants varies with the farming system, the nature of the feed, the feeding level, the feed digestibility, and the animal species (6,67,71). The annual production of methane by ruminants, estimated to be 80 to 120 ϫ 10 6 tons or approximately 15% of total anthropogenic methane emissions (16,63), is the second largest biogenic source of methane after rice paddy fields. Decreasing methane emissions from ruminant livestock is desirable in order to both reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and improve energy capture during digestion.Nutritionists have been trying for a long time to mitigate rumen methane emissions in order to enhance animal performance but so far have not been successful. The methods most commonly attempted involve utilization of antibiotics and ionophores (58), halogenated methane analogues (20,37,59), heavy metals (70), lipid-rich materials such as coconut oil (21,26,54,55,56), probiotics (58), bacteriocin (47), and numerous chemicals (1, 4). Immunization against methanogens (79), elimination of ciliate protozoans which support methanogen populations (64), and addition of acetogenic bacteria to rume...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Animals (I) Preparation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Fonty¹,

Joblin

Chavarot³

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…It is assumed that just after birth, when the rumen is not functional yet, the microflora is involved in the development of rumen physiology and digestive functions [18]. The higher level of cellulolytic bacterial community in the rumen of lambs receiving the yeast additive indicates that the yeasts may enhance the development of ruminal functions.…”

Section: Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077

Chaucheyras‐Durand

Fonty²

2001

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

111

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-We studied the effects of a yeast additive used in ruminant nutrition on the establishment of cellulolytic bacteria, on plant cell wall degradation and on digestive functions in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs. Cellulolytic bacteria inoculated to the lambs tended to become established earlier in the presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 (SC). In addition, their population was maintained at a higher level, when the physico-chemical conditions of the biotope were altered. In these lambs, specific activities of fibrolytic enzymes were greater, and in sacco degradation of wheat straw tended to increase. In the presence of SC there was a decrease in ruminal ammonia concentration and a higher volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration when lambs were 20 to 50 days old. These data suggest that this yeast strain may stimulate the development of cellulolytic microflora and enhance microbial activity in the rumen of young ruminants. Such activity could be beneficial in preventing microbial imbalance and a reduction of rumen function efficiency in the case of nutritional transitions. Further studies with conventional animals will soon be performed in order to verify these findings.

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“…There is growing interest in strictly anaerobic rumen chytridiomycetes because of their high cellulolytic activity [1][2][3][4]. These micro-organisms degrade cellulose and in addition utilize a great number of carbon substrates [1,5,6] with production of formate, acetate, lactate, ethanol, hydrogen and carbon dioxide [6][7][8][9]. Four species have so far Correspondence to: A. Breton, Groupe de Microbiologie, Uai-versit~ Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubi~re, France.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and metabolic characterization of a new species of strictly anaerobic rumen fungus: Neocallimastix joyonii

Breton

1989

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Development of the rumen digestive functions in lambs placed in a sterile isolator a few days after birth

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Establishment and Development of Ruminal Hydrogenotrophs in Methanogen-Free Lambs

Establishment of cellulolytic bacteria and development of fermentative activities in the rumen of gnotobiotically-reared lambs receiving the microbial additive Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077

Morphological and metabolic characterization of a new species of strictly anaerobic rumen fungus: Neocallimastix joyonii

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