Developmental and reproductive responses of the spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitoid Tranosema rostrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) to temperature

Seehausen, M. Lukas; Régnière, Jacques; Martel, Véronique; Smith, Sandy M.

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.11.008

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…As was the case for temporal variation, spatial variation in T. rostrale performance could be itself influenced directly by climate (Seehausen et al. , b), or indirectly by other factors, such as the abundance of alternate hosts (Pfannenstiel et al. ) or changes in phenological synchrony with the host (Godfray et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do natural enemies explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm populations?

Bouchard

Martel

Régnière

et al. 2018

Ecology

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Understanding the causal pathways through which forest insect outbreaks are triggered is important for resource managers. However, detailed population dynamics studies are hard to conduct in low-density, pre-outbreak populations because the insects are difficult to sample in sufficient numbers. Using laboratory-raised larvae installed in the field across a 1,000 km east-west gradient in Québec (Canada) over an 11-yr period, we examined if parasitism and predation were likely to explain fluctuations in low-density spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana; SBW) populations. Parasitism rates by the two main larval parasitoid species, Elachertus cacoeciae and Tranosema rostrale, peaked during different years. This suggests that temporal fluctuations in overall parasitism were partly buffered by compensatory dynamics among parasitoid species. Still, spatial covariance analyses indicate that the residual interannual variation in parasitism rates was substantial and correlated over large distances (up to 700 km). On the other hand, interannual variation in predation rates was not spatially correlated. Piecewise structural equation models indicate that temporal variation in parasitism and predation does not influence temporal variation in wild SBW abundance. Spatially, however, SBWs installed in warmer locations tended to show higher parasitism rates, and these higher rates correlated with lower wild SBW population levels. Overall, the results indicate that large-scale drops in parasitism occur and could potentially contribute to SBW population increases. However, during the period covered by this study, other factors such as direct effects of weather on SBW larval development or indirect effects through host tree physiology or phenology were more likely to explain large-scale variation in wild SBW populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do natural enemies explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm populations?

Bouchard

Martel

Régnière

et al. 2018

Ecology

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“…The model of T. rostrale's seasonal biology distinguishes three life stages: The free-living adult, the egg and larval stages inside the host larva, and the pupal stage outside the host (Figure 2a). The parasitoid oviposition module described by [35] was expanded to include a relationship between attack rate and host abundance, which limits oviposition in addition to the balance between oogenesis and egg resorption. The number of attacks by the parasitoid is a function of host density (total number of larvae of both SBW and OBL) and of the number of eggs each female carries in her oviducts.…”

Section: Modeling the Seasonal Biology Of T Rostralementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling the Seasonal Biology Of T Rostralementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model of T. rostrale's seasonal biology distinguishes three life stages: The free-living adult, the egg and larval stages inside the host larva, and the pupal stage outside the host (Figure 2a). The parasitoid oviposition module described by [35] was expanded to include a relationship between attack rate and host abundance, which limits oviposition in addition to the balance between oogenesis With this formulation, the maximum attack rate is a function of temperature (through its effect on O max ) and host density and ensures that the only influence of search behavior on realized fecundity is directly related to host abundance, not temperature. In other words, the search response is perfectly balanced with the influence of temperature on oogenesis ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Modeling the Seasonal Biology Of T Rostralementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed and well-understood model of SBW seasonal development is available [7]. We develop here an individual-based model for T. rostrale based on existing development equations [35]. We also develop a seasonal development model for the multivoltine OBL, based on data from the literature [34,[36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Climatic Influences on Three Parasitoids of Low-Density Spruce Budworm Populations. Part 1: Tranosema rostrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Régnière

Seehausen

Martel

2020

Forests

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Despite their importance as mortality factors of many insects, the detailed biology and ecology of parasitoids often remain unknown. To gain insights into the spatiotemporal biology of insect parasitoids in interaction with their hosts, modeling of temperature-dependent development, reproduction, and survival is a powerful tool. In this first article of a series of three, we modeled the biology of Tranosema rostrale at the seasonal level with a three-species individual-based model that took into account the temperature-dependent performance of the parasitoid and two of its hosts. The predicted activity of the first adult parasitoid generation closely matched the seasonal pattern of attack on the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The model predicted 1–4 full generations of T. rostrale per year in eastern North America. The generations were generally well synchronized with the occurrence of larvae of a probable alternate host, the obliquebanded leafroller Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), which could be used as an overwintering host. Spatial differences in predicted performance were caused by complex interactions of life-history traits and synchrony with the overwintering host, which led to a better overall performance in environments at higher elevations or along the coasts. Under a climate warming scenario, regions of higher T. rostrale performance were predicted to generally move northward, making especially lower elevations in the southern range less suitable.

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Behavioral thermoregulation of caterpillars is altered by temperature, but not parasitism: An empirical field study

2023

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Laboratory assays show that parasites often have lower heat tolerance than their hosts. But how physiological tolerances and behavioral responses of hosts and parasites combine to affect their ecological interactions in heterogeneous field environments is largely unknown. We addressed this challenge using the model insect system of the braconid wasp parasitoid, Cotesia congregata, and its caterpillar host, Manduca sexta. We used experimental manipulations of microclimate in the field to determine how elevated daytime temperatures altered the behavior, performance, and survival of host and parasite. Our experimental manipulation increased daily maximum temperatures on host plants, but had negligible effects on overall mean temperature. These increased maximum temperatures resulted in subtle, biologically relevant, changes in physiology and behavior of the host and parasitoid. We found that parasitism by the wasp did not significantly alter caterpillar thermoregulatory behavior, while experimentally increased daily maximum temperatures resulted in both parasitized and unparasitized caterpillars to be found more frequently in cooler microhabitats. Overall, we did not observe the complete parasitoid mortality seen at extreme temperatures in laboratory studies, but gained insight into the sublethal effects of increased daily maximum temperatures on host and parasitoid behavior and physiology. Climate change will alter both the biotic and abiotic environments that organisms face, and we show here that empirical experiments in the field are important for understanding organismal response to these new environments.

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Developmental and reproductive responses of the spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitoid Tranosema rostrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) to temperature

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Do natural enemies explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm populations?

Do natural enemies explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm populations?

Modeling Climatic Influences on Three Parasitoids of Low-Density Spruce Budworm Populations. Part 1: Tranosema rostrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Behavioral thermoregulation of caterpillars is altered by temperature, but not parasitism: An empirical field study

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