Developmental Normative Data on The Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.™)

Greenberg, Leonard J.; Waldman, Irwin D.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01105.x

Cited by 406 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Esses fatores foram altamente relevantes na determinação do desempenho em várias medidas do CPT em crianças mais velhas 15,16 . Deve-se lembrar, contudo, que há muito poucos estudos que investigaram esses efeitos e que as versões dos CPTs aplicadas em cada um deles são signifi cativamente diferentes, difi cultando comparações.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

O K-CPT em uma amostra brasileira: descrição do desempenho e comparação com as normas norte-americanas

Miranda¹,

Sinnes²,

Pompéia³

et al. 2009

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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ResumoIntrodução: O presente estudo investigou o desempenho de uma amostra de crianças brasileiras de 4 a 5 anos de idade no Conners' Kiddie CPT (K-CPT), uma tarefa computadorizada utilizada na avaliação da atenção e do controle inibitório em crianças. Método: Os escores de crianças brasileiras, que passaram por uma triagem para excluir défi cit de atenção, foram comparados com as normas norte-americanas. Resultados: Os efeitos de gênero e idade na nossa amostra foram similares aos descritos na literatura. Entretanto, a falta de triagem para défi cit de atenção pode ter distorcido os dados normativos norte-americanos, pois meninos e meninas brasileiros tiveram melhores escores em quase todas as medidas. Conclusões: Os procedimentos de triagem aqui empregados, juntamente com a obtenção dos efeitos de idade e gênero previamente descritos, confi rmam a adequação dos escores obtidos como referência local de desempenho, que podem ser úteis na avaliação de crianças pré-escolares no Brasil até que normas nacionais sejam estabelecidas. Descritores: Teste de desempenho contínuo, crianças pré-escolares, atenção, estudo comparativo. AbstractIntroduction: This study investigated the performance of a sample of Brazilian children aged 4-5 years on the Conners' Kiddie CPT (K-CPT), a computer-based task used to assess attention and inhibitory control in children. Methods: Scores of Brazilian children pre-screened for attention disorders were obtained using the K-CPT, and data were compared with North American norms. Results: Age and gender effects on the Brazilian sample were similar to those previously described. However, the lack of screening for attention defi cits might have distorted normative scores of the K-CPT in the USA because Brazilian boys and girls had better scores than the North American children in almost all measures. Conclusion: The screening procedures used in Brazil, in addition to the previously described age and gender effects on sustained attention, indicate that the results described in the present study constitute appropriate local performance scores and, as such, are useful in the evaluation of pre-school children in Brazil until national norms are established.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

O K-CPT em uma amostra brasileira: descrição do desempenho e comparação com as normas norte-americanas

Miranda¹,

Sinnes²,

Pompéia³

et al. 2009

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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“…7 In the Ritalin phase subjects received 0.3 mg kg −1 of the medication. 3 We excluded cases with a primary diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder, physical handicap, psychosis, mental retardation, epilepsy, hyperthyroidism, evidence or history of child abuse, or adoption.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we now report the effect of the DRD4 repeat region on the Test Of Variables of Attention (TOVA), a widely used computerized continuous performance test. 7 Probands with the short exon III repeat performed significantly worse on the TOVA measured both by errors of commission and response time variable. Intriguingly, a 'dose effect' was observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

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The short DRD4 repeats confer risk to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a family-based design and impair performance on a continuous performance test (TOVA)

et al. 2002

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One particular candidate gene, the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), has been the focus of intense study regarding ADHD since the original investigation by La Hoste et al, 1 an observation confirmed by a recent metaanalysis. 2 However, two previous studies from Israel failed to observe this association. 3,4 We have now recruited an additional sample and, overall, in the combined sample of 178 triads we observe using the transmission disequilibrium test, 5,6 preferential transmission of the short allele. Additionally, we now report the effect of the DRD4 repeat region on the Test Of Variables of Attention (TOVA), a widely used computerized continuous performance test. 7 Probands with the short exon III repeat performed significantly worse on the TOVA measured both by errors of commission and response time variable. Intriguingly, a 'dose effect' was observed. Increasing repeat size is accompanied by a reduced number of errors of commission and a significant difference is observed between the 2 vs 7 repeats. On the whole, our results lend credence to the notion that the relationship between the DRD4 receptor and ADHD is complex and may be reflecting linkage disequilibrium between the 7 or long DRD4 exon III repeats and a 'true' risk allele in this gene or a neighboring locus. Molecular Psychiatry (2002) 7, 790-794. doi:10.1038/ sj.mp.4001078 In an independently recruited sample of 76 families we again observed preferential transmission (TDT 2 = 3.76, P = 0.05, 1 df) of the short repeat alleles from heterozygous parents to the ADHD proband in the Petak Tikvah cohort (Table 1, new sample). Overall, in the combined Petak Tikvah sample preferential transmission of the short DRD4 repeat was observed (TDT 2 = 9.11, P = 0.0025). Combining all 178 recruited ADHD families (from two geographical locations-Jerusalem and Petak Tikvah), preferential transmission of the short alleles is observed from heterozygote parents to the ADHD proband (TDT 2 = 7.31, P = 0.006).We also analyzed the distribution of the DRD4 exon III polymorphism by case control design comparing

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“…35 The T.O.V.A. is a two-segment task; targets are presented rarely in the first segment (one per 3.5 non-target presentations) and appear often in the second segment (3.5 targets per non-target).…”

Section: Object-based Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Assess Gaming-Induced Benefits on Attention and Working Memory

Mishra

Bavelier

Gazzaley

2012

Games for Health Journal

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Our daily actions are driven by our goals in the moment, constantly forcing us to choose among various options. Attention and working memory are key enablers of that process. Attention allows for selective processing of goal-relevant information and rejecting task-irrelevant information. Working memory functions to maintain goal-relevant information in memory for brief periods of time for subsequent recall and/or manipulation. Efficient attention and working memory thus support the best extraction and retention of environmental information for optimal task performance. Recent studies have evidenced that attention and working memory abilities can be enhanced by cognitive training games as well as entertainment videogames. Here we review key cognitive paradigms that have been used to evaluate the impact of game-based training on various aspects of attention and working memory. Common use of such methodology within the scientific community will enable direct comparison of the efficacy of different games across age groups and clinical populations. The availability of common assessment tools will ultimately facilitate development of the most effective forms of game-based training for cognitive rehabilitation and education.

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Developmental Normative Data on The Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.™)

Cited by 406 publications

References 25 publications

O K-CPT em uma amostra brasileira: descrição do desempenho e comparação com as normas norte-americanas

O K-CPT em uma amostra brasileira: descrição do desempenho e comparação com as normas norte-americanas

The short DRD4 repeats confer risk to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a family-based design and impair performance on a continuous performance test (TOVA)

How to Assess Gaming-Induced Benefits on Attention and Working Memory

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